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BACK/THORAX > BACK MUSCLES > Flashcards

BACK MUSCLES Flashcards

1
Q

action of extrinsic back musclse

A

anchor upper limbs

deep breathing

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2
Q

innervation of extrinsic back muscles

A

ventral rami - anterior branches of spinal nerve

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3
Q

superficial back muscles

A 
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
rhomboid major
rhomboid minor
lavator scapulae
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4
Q

intermediate back muscles

A

serratous posterior superior

serratous posterior inferior

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5
Q

intrinsic back muscles: superficial

A

splenius capitus

splenius cervicis

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6
Q

intrinsic back muscles: intermediate

A

Erector spinae:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

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7
Q

intrinsic back muscles: deep

A 
transversospinal muscles:
rotatores
multifidus
semispinalis
levator costarum muscles
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8
Q

Trapezius: origin / insertion

A

O: superior nuchal line, spines of cervical and thoracic spine
I: spine of clavicle, acromion of scapula

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9
Q

trapezius: innervation

A

Motor: CN XI - spinal accessory nerve
Sensory: C3, 4

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10
Q

trapezius: artery

A

transverse cervical artery

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11
Q

trapezius: function

A

elevate, retract, depress, rotate scapula

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12
Q

latissimus dorsi: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes of TV6 - LV5, iliac crest
i: intertubercular groove of humerus

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13
Q

latissimus dorsi: nerve

A

thoracodorsal nerve

C6, 7, 8: Lats are great!

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14
Q

latissimus dorsi: artery

A

thoracodorsal artery

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15
Q

latissimus dorsi: function

A

extend, ADDuct, medially rotate humerus

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16
Q

rhomboid major: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes TV2 - TV5
i: medial border of scapula INFERIOR to spine

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17
Q

rhomboid major: nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve

C5

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18
Q

rhomboid major: artery

A

transverse cervical artery - deep branch

OR dorsal scapular artery

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19
Q

rhomboid major: function

A

retract and rotate scapula

depress glenoid fossa

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20
Q

rhomboid minor: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes of CV7 - TV1
i: medial border of scapula AT spine

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21
Q

rhomboid minor: nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve

C5

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22
Q

rhomboid minor: artery

A

transverse cervical artery, deep branch

OR dorsal scapular artery

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23
Q

rhomboid minor: function

A

retract, rotate scapula

depress glenoid fossa

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24
Q

levator scapulae: origin and insertion

A

o: transverse processes CV 1 - CV4
i: medial border of scapula ABOVE spine

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25
Q

levator scapulae: nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve - C5

OR C3, C4

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26
Q

levator scapulae: artery

A

transverse cervical artery, deep branch

OR dorsal scapular artery

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27
Q

levator scapulae: function

A

elevate scapula

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28
Q

serratous posterior superior: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous process CV 7 - TV 3
i: ribs 2-4

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29
Q

serratous posterior superior: nerve

A

intercostal nerve

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30
Q

serratous posterior superior: artery

A

branches of intercostal artery

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31
Q

serratous posterior superior: function

A

inspiration: elevate upper ribs

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32
Q

serratous posterior inferior: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes TV 11 - LV 2
i: ribs 8-12

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33
Q

serratous posterior inferior: nerve

A

intercostal nerves

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34
Q

serratous posterior inferior: artery

A

branches of intercostal arteries

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35
Q

serratous posterior inferior: function

A

expiration: depress lower ribs

36
Q

splenius cervicis / capitus: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes: CV 7 - TV 6
I: transverse processes CV 1-4

37
Q

splenius cervicis / capitus: nerve

A

dorsal rami, cervical nerve

38
Q

splenius cervicis / capitus: artery

A

intercostals

39
Q

splenius cervicis / capitus: function

A

unilat: flex neck to SAME side
bilat: extend neck

40
Q

spinalis: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous process
i: spinous process sev levels higher

41
Q

spinalis: nerve

A

dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve

42
Q

spinalis: artery

A

intercostal arteries, branches

43
Q

longissimus: origin and insertion

A

o: transverse processes
i: transverse processes sev levels higher

44
Q

longissimus: nerve

A

dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve

45
Q

longissimus: artery

A

branches of intercostal arteries

46
Q

iliocostalis: origin and insertion

A

o: iliac crest or transverse processes
i: ribs several levels higher

47
Q

iliocostalis: nerve

A

dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve

48
Q

iliocostalis: artery

A

branches of intercostal arteries

49
Q

Erector spinae muscles: function

A

UNI: bend to SAME side
BIL: extend vertebral column

50
Q

Transversospinal muscles: origin and insertion

A

o: transverse processes
i: spinous processes higher

51
Q

Transversospinal muscles: nerve

A

dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve

52
Q

Transversospinal muscles: artery

A

intercostal branches

53
Q

Transversospinal muscles: function

A

extend vertebral column

Rotate to OPPOSITE side

54
Q

rotatores: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion

A

deepest layer

o: transverse processes, lumber
i: 1-2 vertebral levels higher

55
Q

multifidus: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion

A

heaviest layer

o: transverse processes, lumber
i: spinous processes 2-4 vertebral levels higher

56
Q

semispinalis: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion

A

Most superficial layer

o: transverse processes, lumber
i: spinous processes several vertebral levels (>4) higher

57
Q

Levator costarum muscles: origin and insertion

A

o: transverse processes CV 7 - TV 11
i: ribs 1 or 2 vertebral levels higher

58
Q

Levator costarum muscles: nerve

A

dorsal rami of C8 - T11

59
Q

Levator costarum muscles: function

A

elevation of ribs

60
Q

pectoralis major: origin and insertion

A

o: medial clavicle, lateral sternum to 7th costal cartilage, costal cartilage 2-6, and aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle
i: crest of greater tubercle of humerus

61
Q

pectoralis major: nerve

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves (anterior thoracic n.)

62
Q

pectoralis major: artery

A

supreme thoracic a.
thoraco-acromial a.
intercostal arteries a.

63
Q

pectoralis major: function

A

adduction and flexion of humerus

64
Q

pectoralis minor: origin and insertion

A

o: ribs 3-5
i: coracoid process of scapula

65
Q

pectoralis minor: nerve

A

medial pectoral (anterior thoracic) nerve

66
Q

pectoralis minor: artery

A

thoracoacromial artery

67
Q

pectoralis minor: function

A

stabilize scapula

68
Q

serratus anterior: origin and insertion

A

o: antero-lateral ribs 1-8
i: medial angle of the vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula

69
Q

serratus anterior: nerve

A

long thoracic nerve

C 5, 6, 7: wings to heaven!

70
Q

serratus anterior: artery

A

lateral thoracic artery

71
Q

serratus anterior: function

A

anchors scapula; damage to long thoracic nerve (or muscle) can cause winging

72
Q

external intercostal muscles: origin and insertion

A

o: fibers from lower border of rib anterior and inferior to upper border of rib below
i: costo-chondral cartilages / lateral border of sternum

73
Q

external intercostal muscles: function

A

inspiration: expands diaphragm

74
Q

internal intercostal muscles: origin and insertion

A

o: sternal border
i: angles of ribs w/ aponeurosis to vertebral column

75
Q

internal intercostal muscles: function

A

expiration: depress diaphragm

76
Q

innermost intercostal muscles: origin and insertion

A

deep to internal intercostal layer

covered by endothoracic fascia and parietal pleura lining thoracic cavity

77
Q

subcostal mescles: location

A

posterior chest wall

78
Q

transverse thoracis muscles:location and function

A

anterior chest wall

pulls down on chest wall - inspiration

79
Q

where do intercostal veins drain?

A

azygos-hemi-azygos system –> subclavian veins –> superior vena cava

80
Q

intercostal nerves: origin and insertion

A

o: 1st thoracic and ventral rami
i: w/ intercostal arteries and veins in parietal pleural layer
(anterior, lateral, and muscular branches)

81
Q

level of the sternal angle

A

TV 4-5

82
Q

mammary gland: venous drainage

A

pectoral vein
axillary vein
intercostal vein
internal thoracic veins

83
Q

mammary gland: arteries

A 
anterior intercostal arteries - mammary branches
internal thoracic artery (internal mammary artery) - midline
lateral thoracic artery branches (from axillary artery)
thoracoacromial trunk (from axillary)
84
Q

mammary gland: nerve

A

intercostal nerves: anterior and lateral cutaneous branches
passing through pectoral fascia
(sensory and sympathetics to smooth muscle)

85
Q

mammary gland: lymphatic drainage

A

Right: subclavian lymphatics –> right subclavian vein via right lymphatic duct
Left: thoracic duct and left subclavian vein
ipsilateral pectoral group
subscapular group of axillary nodes
internal thoracic nodes

86
Q

pericardiacophrenic nerve / artery

A

???

BACK/THORAX (1 decks)

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