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BACK/THORAX > BACK MUSCLES > Flashcards

BACK MUSCLES Flashcards

1
Q

action of extrinsic back musclse

A

anchor upper limbs

deep breathing

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2
Q

innervation of extrinsic back muscles

A

ventral rami - anterior branches of spinal nerve

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3
Q

superficial back muscles

A 
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
rhomboid major
rhomboid minor
lavator scapulae
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4
Q

intermediate back muscles

A

serratous posterior superior

serratous posterior inferior

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5
Q

intrinsic back muscles: superficial

A

splenius capitus

splenius cervicis

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6
Q

intrinsic back muscles: intermediate

A

Erector spinae:
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

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7
Q

intrinsic back muscles: deep

A 
transversospinal muscles:
rotatores
multifidus
semispinalis
levator costarum muscles
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8
Q

Trapezius: origin / insertion

A

O: superior nuchal line, spines of cervical and thoracic spine
I: spine of clavicle, acromion of scapula

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9
Q

trapezius: innervation

A

Motor: CN XI - spinal accessory nerve
Sensory: C3, 4

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10
Q

trapezius: artery

A

transverse cervical artery

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11
Q

trapezius: function

A

elevate, retract, depress, rotate scapula

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12
Q

latissimus dorsi: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes of TV6 - LV5, iliac crest
i: intertubercular groove of humerus

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13
Q

latissimus dorsi: nerve

A

thoracodorsal nerve

C6, 7, 8: Lats are great!

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14
Q

latissimus dorsi: artery

A

thoracodorsal artery

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15
Q

latissimus dorsi: function

A

extend, ADDuct, medially rotate humerus

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16
Q

rhomboid major: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes TV2 - TV5
i: medial border of scapula INFERIOR to spine

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17
Q

rhomboid major: nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve

C5

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18
Q

rhomboid major: artery

A

transverse cervical artery - deep branch

OR dorsal scapular artery

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19
Q

rhomboid major: function

A

retract and rotate scapula

depress glenoid fossa

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20
Q

rhomboid minor: origin and insertion

A

o: spinous processes of CV7 - TV1
i: medial border of scapula AT spine

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21
Q

rhomboid minor: nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve

C5

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22
Q

rhomboid minor: artery

A

transverse cervical artery, deep branch

OR dorsal scapular artery

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23
Q

rhomboid minor: function

A

retract, rotate scapula

depress glenoid fossa

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24
Q

levator scapulae: origin and insertion

A

o: transverse processes CV 1 - CV4
i: medial border of scapula ABOVE spine

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25
levator scapulae: nerve
dorsal scapular nerve - C5 | OR C3, C4
26
levator scapulae: artery
transverse cervical artery, deep branch | OR dorsal scapular artery
27
levator scapulae: function
elevate scapula
28
serratous posterior superior: origin and insertion
o: spinous process CV 7 - TV 3 i: ribs 2-4
29
serratous posterior superior: nerve
intercostal nerve
30
serratous posterior superior: artery
branches of intercostal artery
31
serratous posterior superior: function
inspiration: elevate upper ribs
32
serratous posterior inferior: origin and insertion
o: spinous processes TV 11 - LV 2 i: ribs 8-12
33
serratous posterior inferior: nerve
intercostal nerves
34
serratous posterior inferior: artery
branches of intercostal arteries
35
serratous posterior inferior: function
expiration: depress lower ribs
36
splenius cervicis / capitus: origin and insertion
o: spinous processes: CV 7 - TV 6 I: transverse processes CV 1-4
37
splenius cervicis / capitus: nerve
dorsal rami, cervical nerve
38
splenius cervicis / capitus: artery
intercostals
39
splenius cervicis / capitus: function
unilat: flex neck to SAME side bilat: extend neck
40
spinalis: origin and insertion
o: spinous process i: spinous process sev levels higher
41
spinalis: nerve
dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve
42
spinalis: artery
intercostal arteries, branches
43
longissimus: origin and insertion
o: transverse processes i: transverse processes sev levels higher
44
longissimus: nerve
dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve
45
longissimus: artery
branches of intercostal arteries
46
iliocostalis: origin and insertion
o: iliac crest or transverse processes i: ribs several levels higher
47
iliocostalis: nerve
dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve
48
iliocostalis: artery
branches of intercostal arteries
49
Erector spinae muscles: function
UNI: bend to SAME side BIL: extend vertebral column
50
Transversospinal muscles: origin and insertion
o: transverse processes i: spinous processes higher
51
Transversospinal muscles: nerve
dorsal rami of segmental posterior branches of spinal nerve
52
Transversospinal muscles: artery
intercostal branches
53
Transversospinal muscles: function
extend vertebral column | Rotate to OPPOSITE side
54
rotatores: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion
deepest layer o: transverse processes, lumber i: 1-2 vertebral levels higher
55
multifidus: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion
heaviest layer o: transverse processes, lumber i: spinous processes 2-4 vertebral levels higher
56
semispinalis: layer of transversospinal muscles and origin/insertion
Most superficial layer o: transverse processes, lumber i: spinous processes several vertebral levels (>4) higher
57
Levator costarum muscles: origin and insertion
o: transverse processes CV 7 - TV 11 i: ribs 1 or 2 vertebral levels higher
58
Levator costarum muscles: nerve
dorsal rami of C8 - T11
59
Levator costarum muscles: function
elevation of ribs
60
pectoralis major: origin and insertion
o: medial clavicle, lateral sternum to 7th costal cartilage, costal cartilage 2-6, and aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle i: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
61
pectoralis major: nerve
medial and lateral pectoral nerves (anterior thoracic n.)
62
pectoralis major: artery
supreme thoracic a. thoraco-acromial a. intercostal arteries a.
63
pectoralis major: function
adduction and flexion of humerus
64
pectoralis minor: origin and insertion
o: ribs 3-5 i: coracoid process of scapula
65
pectoralis minor: nerve
medial pectoral (anterior thoracic) nerve
66
pectoralis minor: artery
thoracoacromial artery
67
pectoralis minor: function
stabilize scapula
68
serratus anterior: origin and insertion
o: antero-lateral ribs 1-8 i: medial angle of the vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula
69
serratus anterior: nerve
long thoracic nerve | C 5, 6, 7: wings to heaven!
70
serratus anterior: artery
lateral thoracic artery
71
serratus anterior: function
anchors scapula; damage to long thoracic nerve (or muscle) can cause winging
72
external intercostal muscles: origin and insertion
o: fibers from lower border of rib anterior and inferior to upper border of rib below i: costo-chondral cartilages / lateral border of sternum
73
external intercostal muscles: function
inspiration: expands diaphragm
74
internal intercostal muscles: origin and insertion
o: sternal border i: angles of ribs w/ aponeurosis to vertebral column
75
internal intercostal muscles: function
expiration: depress diaphragm
76
innermost intercostal muscles: origin and insertion
deep to internal intercostal layer | covered by endothoracic fascia and parietal pleura lining thoracic cavity
77
subcostal mescles: location
posterior chest wall
78
transverse thoracis muscles:location and function
anterior chest wall | pulls down on chest wall - inspiration
79
where do intercostal veins drain?
azygos-hemi-azygos system --> subclavian veins --> superior vena cava
80
intercostal nerves: origin and insertion
o: 1st thoracic and ventral rami i: w/ intercostal arteries and veins in parietal pleural layer (anterior, lateral, and muscular branches)
81
level of the sternal angle
TV 4-5
82
mammary gland: venous drainage
pectoral vein axillary vein intercostal vein internal thoracic veins
83
mammary gland: arteries
``` anterior intercostal arteries - mammary branches internal thoracic artery (internal mammary artery) - midline lateral thoracic artery branches (from axillary artery) thoracoacromial trunk (from axillary) ```
84
mammary gland: nerve
intercostal nerves: anterior and lateral cutaneous branches passing through pectoral fascia (sensory and sympathetics to smooth muscle)
85
mammary gland: lymphatic drainage
Right: subclavian lymphatics --> right subclavian vein via right lymphatic duct Left: thoracic duct and left subclavian vein ipsilateral pectoral group subscapular group of axillary nodes internal thoracic nodes
86
pericardiacophrenic nerve / artery
???

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