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Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 origins of the trapezius muscle?

A

Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Nuchal line
Spinous processes of C7-T12

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2
Q

What are the 3 insertions of the trapezius muscle?

A

Lateral 1/ of the clavicle
Acromion
Scapular spine

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3
Q

What are the actions of the trapezius muscle?

A

Whole muscle - retracts scapula and rotates glenoid cavity superiorly

Superior part - elevate scapula

Inferior part - depress scapula

With fixed scapula - extend neck bilaterally, laterally flex neck and rotate face away bilaterally

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?

A

Spinal Accessary nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)

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5
Q

What are the 4 origins of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Spinous processes of T6-L5
Ribs 9-12
Iliac crest
median sacral crest via thoracolumbar fascia

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Floor of humeral intertubercular groove

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7
Q

What are the actions of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Extend humerus
Adduct humerus
Medially rotate humerus
Rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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9
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR

Origin

A

Spinous processes T2-T5

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10
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR

Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula inferior to scapular spine

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11
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR

Action

A

Retract scapula
Elevate scapula
Rotate glenoid cavity inferior

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12
Q

RHOMBOID MAJOR

Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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13
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR

Origin

A

Spinous processes of C7 and T1

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14
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR

Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula at the scapular spine

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15
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR

Action

A

Retract scapula
Elevate scapula
Rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

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16
Q

RHOMBOID MINOR

Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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17
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

Origin

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes on C1-C4

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18
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula superior to scapular spine

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19
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

Action

A

Retract scapula
Elevate scapula
Rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

With scapula fixed:

  • Extend neck bilaterally
  • Laterally flex the neck unilaterally
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20
Q

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

Innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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21
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR

Origin

A

Inferiormost nuchal ligament

Spinous processes of C7-T3

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22
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR

Insertion

A

Superior surfaces of ribs 2-5

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23
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR

Action

A

Elevate the ribs during forced inspiration

Proprioception

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24
Q

SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR

Innervation

A

Intercostal nerves 2-5

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25
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR | Origin
Spinous processes T11-L2
26
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR | Insertion
Inferior surfaces of ribs 8-12
27
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR | Action
Depress the ribs during forced expiration | Proprioception
28
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR | Innervation
Anterior rami of T9-T12
29
SPLENIUS CAPITIS | Origin
Lower half of nuchal ligament | Spinous processes of C7-T3/T4
30
SPLENIUS CAPITIS | Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone Lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line Occipital bone
31
SPLENIUS CAPITIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally Laterally flex the neck unilaterally Rotate the face toward unilaterally
32
SPLENIUS CAPITIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of C3-C5
33
SPLENIUS CERVICIS | Origin
Spinous processes of T3-T6
34
SPLENIUS CERVICIS | Insertion
Transverse processes of C1-C3/C4
35
SPLENIUS CERVICIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally Laterally flex the neck unilaterally Rotate the face toward unilaterally
36
SPLENIUS CERVICIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of C5-C7
37
ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM | Origin
Posteriomedial iliac crest Intermediate sacral crest lateral sacral crest
38
ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM | Insertion
Costal angles of ribs 7-12
39
ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM | Action
Maintain erect posture bilaterally Extend vertebral column bilaterally Laterally flex vertebral column unilaterally
40
ILIOCOSTALIS LUMBORUM | Innervation
Posterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves
41
ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS | Origin
Costal angles of ribs 7-12
42
ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS | Insertion
Costal angles of ribs 1-6 | Transverse process of C7
43
ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS | Action
Maintain erect posture bilaterally Extend vertebral column bilaterally Laterally flex vertebral column unilaterally
43
ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS | Action
Maintain erect posture bilaterally Extend vertebral column bilaterally Laterally flex vertebral column unilaterally
44
ILIOCOSTALIS THORACIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
45
ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS | Origin
Costal angles of ribs 3-6
46
ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS | Insertion
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6
46
ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS | Insertion
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6
47
ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally | Laterally flex the neck unilaterally
48
ILIOCOSTALIS CERVICIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
49
LONGISSIMUS THORACIS | Origin
Transverse processes L1-L5 Accessory processes L1-L5 Posteriomedial, lateral, intermediate, and median sacral crests
50
LONGISSIMUS THORACIS | Insertion
Ribs 3-12 between costal tubercle and costal angle
51
LONGISSIMUS THORACIS | Action
Maintain erect posture bilaterally Extend vertebral column bilaterally Laterally flex vertebral column unilaterally
52
LONGISSIMUS THORACIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
53
LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS | Origin
Transverse processes T1-T5
54
LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS | Insertion
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C2-C6
55
LONGISSIMUS CERVICIS | Action
Extend neck bilaterally | Laterally flex neck unilaterally
56
LONGISSIIMUS CERVICIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
57
LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS | Origin
Transverse processes T1-T5
58
LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS | Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone
59
LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally | Laterally flex the neck unilaterally
60
LONGISSIMUS CAPITIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
61
SPINALIS THORACIS | Origin
Spinous processes T11-L2
62
SPINALIS THORACIS | Insertion
Spinous processes T1-T8
63
SPINALIS THORACIS | Action
Maintain erect posture bilaterally Extend vertebral column bilaterally Laterally flex vertebral column unilaterally
64
SPINALIS THORACIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
65
SPINALIS CERVICIS | Origin
Spinous process of C7 | Inferiormost nuchal ligament
66
SPINALIS CERVICIS | Insertion
Spinous process T2
67
SPINALIS CERVICIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally | Laterally flex the neck unilaterally
68
SPINALIS CERVICIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
69
SPINALIS CAPITIS | Origin
Spinous process of C7
70
SPINALIS CAPITIS | Insertion
Usually blends with semispinalis capitis muscle
71
SPINALIS CAPITIS | Action
Extend the neck bilaterally | Laterally flex the neck unilaterally
72
SPINALIS CAPITIS | Innervation
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
73
SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS | ORIGIN
Transverse processes C7-T6
74
SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS | INSERTION
Between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bone
75
SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS | ACTION
Extend head | Rotate face away
76
SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS | INNERVATION
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
77
SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS | ORIGIN
Transverse processes T1-T6
78
SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS | INSERTION
Spinous processes of C2-C5
79
SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS | ACTION
Extend spine | Rotate spine away
80
SEMISPINALIS CERVICIS | INNERVATION
Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
81
SEMISPINALIS THORACIS | ORIGIN
Transverse processes of T6-T12
82
SEMISPINALIS THORACIS | INSERTION
Spinous processes C6-T4
83
SEMISPINALIS THORACIS | ACTION
Extend spine | Rotate spine away
84
SEMISPINALIS THORACIS | INNERVATION
Posterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves
85
MULTIFIDUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) | ORIGIN
Lumbar - mamillary process of vertebrae Thoracic - transverse process of vertebrae Cervical - articular processes of C4-C7
86
MULTIFIDUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) | INSERTION
Spinous processes 3-4 segments superior | Does not insert on atlas
87
MULTIFIDUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) | ACTION
Extend spine | Rotate spine away
88
MULTIFIDUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) | INNERVATION
Posterior rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves
89
``` ROTOTARES LONGUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) ORIGIN ```
Transverse processes
90
``` ROTOTARES LONGUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) INSERTION ```
Roots of spinous processes 2 segments superiorly
91
``` ROTOTARES LONGUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) ACTION ```
Extend spine Rotate spine away Proprioception
92
``` ROTOTARES LONGUS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) INNERVATION ```
Posterior rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal nerves
93
``` ROTOTARES BREVIS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) ORIGIN ```
Transverse processes
94
``` ROTOTARES BREVIS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) INSERTION ```
Roots of adjacent spinous processes
95
``` ROTOTARES BREVIS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) ACTION ```
Extend spine Rotate spine away Proprioception
96
``` ROTOTARES BREVIS (LUMBORUM, THORACIS, AND CERVICIS) INNERVATION ```
Posterior rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar nerves
97
INTERSPINALIS | ORIGIN
Spinous process
98
INTERSPINALIS | INSERTION
Adjacent spinous process
99
INTERSPINALIS | ACTION
Extend spine
100
INTERSPINALIS | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of 1st cervical spinal nerve)
101
INTERTRANSVERSARII | ORIGIN
Transverse processes
102
INTERTRANSVERSARII | INSERTION
Adjacent transverse processes
103
INTERTRANSVERSARII | ACTION
Laterally flex spine
104
INTERTRANSVERSARII | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of 1st cervical spinal nerve)
105
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR | ORIGIN
Spinous process of axis (C2)
106
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR | INSERTION
Lateral aspect inferior nuchal line
107
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR | ACTION
Extend head | Rotate face torward
108
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve
109
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR | ORIGIN
Posterior tubercle of the atlas (C1)
110
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR | INSERTION
Inferior to inferior nuchal line
111
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR | ACTION
Extend head
112
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR | ACTION
Extend head
113
RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve
114
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR | ORIGIN
Transverse process of atlas (C1)
115
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR | INSERTION
Between superior and inferior nuchal lines
116
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR | ACTION
Extend head | Laterally flex head
117
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve
118
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR | ORIGIN
Spinous process of the axis (C2)
119
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR | INSERTION
Transverse process of atlas (C1)
120
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR | ACTION
Rotate face toward
121
OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR | INNERVATION
Suboccipital nerve

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