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CES Muscles > Back, Chest, and Shoulder Muscles > Flashcards

Back, Chest, and Shoulder Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

SUPERFICIAL ERECTOR SPINAE

A

The superficial erector spinae are a complex muscle group made up of the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis muscles, each of which are subdivided based on the vertebrae at which they insert, respectively. All muscles of the superficial erector spinae share a common origin of the iliac crest of the pelvis, sacrum, and spinous and transverse processes of T1–L5.

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2
Q
A

ILIOCOSTALIS: LUMBORUM DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Inferior border of ribs 7–12

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar nerves
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3
Q
A

ILIOCOSTALIS: THORACIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Superior border of ribs 1–6

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of thoracic nerves
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4
Q
A

ILIOCOSTALIS: CERVICUS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Transverse processes of C4–C6

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of thoracic nerves
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5
Q
A

LONGISSIMUS: THORACIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Transverse processes of T1–T12 and ribs 2–12

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar nerves
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6
Q
A

LONGISSIMUS: CERVICUS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Transverse processes of C6–C2

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of cervical nerves
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7
Q
A

LONGISSIMUS: CAPITIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Mastoid process of the skull

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of cervical nerves
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8
Q
A

SPINALIS: THORACIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Spinous processes of T7–T4

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of thoracic nerves
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9
Q
A

SPINALIS: CERVICUS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Spinous processes of C3–C2

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of cervical nerves
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10
Q
A

SPINALIS: CAPITIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Common origin

INSERTION

Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bone of the skull

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension, rotation, and lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine during functional movements

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami of cervical nerves
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11
Q
A

QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

ORIGIN

Iliac crest of the pelvis

INSERTION

12th rib and transverse processes L2–L5

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal lateral flexion

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Decelerates contralateral lateral spinal flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex

INNERVATION

Spinal nerves (T12–L3)
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12
Q
A

TRANSVERSOSPINALIS: THORACIS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Transverse processes of T12–T7

INSERTION

Spinous processes of T4–C6

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Produces spinal extension and lateral flexion; extension and contralateral rotation of the head

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Decelerates lateral flexion of the spine, flexion, and contralateral rotation of the head

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami C1–T6 spinal nerves
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13
Q
A

TRANSVERSOSPINALIS: CERVICUS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Transverse processes of T6–C4

INSERTION

Spinous processes of C5–C2

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Produces spinal extension and lateral flexion and extension and contralateral rotation of the head

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Decelerates lateral flexion of the spine, and flexion and contralateral rotation of the head

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami C1–T6 spinal nerves
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14
Q
A

TRANSVERSOSPINALIS: CAPITUS DIVISION

ORIGIN

Transverse processes of T6–C7
Articular processes of C6–C4

INSERTION

Nuchal line of occipital bone of the skull

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Produces spinal extension and lateral flexion and extension and contralateral rotation of the head

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Decelerates lateral flexion of the spine, and flexion and contralateral rotation of the head

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine

INNERVATION

Dorsal rami C1–T6 spinal nerves
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15
Q
A

MULTIFIDUS

ORIGIN

Posterior aspect of the sacrum and processes of the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spine

INSERTION

Spinous processes 1 to 4 segments above the origin

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Spinal extension and contralateral rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Spinal flexion and rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the spine

INNERVATION

Corresponding spinal nerves
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16
Q
A

LATISSIMUS DORSI

ORIGIN

Spinous processes of T7–T12, iliac crest of the pelvis, thoracolumbar fascia, and ribs 9–12

INSERTION

Inferior angle of the scapula and intertubercular groove of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation, and spinal flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex and shoulder

INNERVATION

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6–C8)
17
Q
A

SERRATUS ANTERIOR

ORIGIN

Ribs 4–12

INSERTION

Medial border of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Scapular protraction

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Scapular retraction

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the scapula

INNERVATION

Long thoracic nerve (C5–C7)
18
Q
A

RHOMBOIDS

ORIGIN

Spinous processes of C7–T5

INSERTION

Medial border of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Produces scapular retraction and downward rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Scapular protraction and upward rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the scapula

INNERVATION

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4–C5)
19
Q
A

LOWER TRAPEZIUS

ORIGIN

Spinous processes of T6–T12

INSERTION

Spine of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Scapular depression

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Scapular elevation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the scapula

INNERVATION

Cranial nerve XI and ventral rami C2–C4
20
Q
A

MIDDLE TRAPEZIUS

ORIGIN

Spinous processes of T1–T5

INSERTION

Acromion process of the scapula and superior aspect of the spine of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Scapular retraction

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Scapular protraction and elevation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes scapula

INNERVATION

Cranial nerve XI and ventral rami C2–C4
21
Q
A

UPPER TRAPEZIUS

ORIGIN

External occipital protuberance of the skull and spinous process of C7

INSERTION

Lateral third of the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Cervical extension, lateral flexion, and rotation and scapular elevation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Cervical flexion, lateral flexion, rotation, and scapular depression

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the cervical spine and scapula and stabilizes the medial border of the scapula creating a stable base for the prime movers during scapular abduction and upward rotation

INNERVATION

Cranial nerve XI and ventral rami C2–C4
22
Q
A

LEVATOR SCAPULAE

ORIGIN

Transverse processes of C1–C4

INSERTION

Superior vertebral border of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Cervical extension, lateral flexion, and ipsilateral rotation when the scapula is anchored and assists in elevation and downward rotation of the scapula

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Cervical flexion, contralateral cervical rotation, lateral flexion, scapular depression, and upward rotation when the neck is stabilized

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the cervical spine and scapula

INNERVATION

Ventral rami C3–C4 and dorsal scapular nerve
23
Q
A

PECTORALIS MAJOR

ORIGIN

Anterior surface of the clavicle, anterior surface of the sternum, and cartilage of ribs 1–7

INSERTION

Greater tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder flexion (clavicular fibers), horizontal adduction, and internal rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder extension, horizontal abduction, and external rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5–C7)
24
Q
A

PECTORALIS MINOR

ORIGIN

Ribs 3–5

INSERTION

Coracoid process of the scapula

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Protracts the scapula

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Scapular retraction

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Medial pectoral nerve (C6–T1)
25
Q
A

ANTERIOR DELTOID

ORIGIN

Lateral third of the clavicle

INSERTION

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder flexion and internal rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder extension and external rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Axillary nerve (C5–C6)
26
Q
A

MEDIAL DELTOID

ORIGIN

Acromion process of the scapula

INSERTION

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder abduction

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder adduction

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Axillary nerve (C5–C6)
27
Q
A

POSTERIOR DELTOID

ORIGIN

Spine of the scapula

INSERTION

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder extension and external rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder flexion and internal rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Axillary nerve (C5–C6)
28
Q
A

TERES MINOR

ORIGIN

Lateral border of the scapula

INSERTION

Greater tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder external rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder internal rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Axillary nerve (C5–C6)
29
Q
A

INFRASPINATUS

ORIGIN

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

INSERTION

Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder external rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder internal rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Suprascapular nerve (C5–C6)
30
Q
A

SUBSCAPULARIS

ORIGIN

Subscapular fossa of the scapula

INSERTION

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder internal rotation

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder external rotation

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5–C6)
31
Q
A

SUPRASPINATUS

ORIGIN

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

INSERTION

Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Abduction of the arm

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Adduction of the arm

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Suprascapular nerve (C5–C6)
32
Q
A

TERES MAJOR

ORIGIN

Inferior angle of the scapula

INSERTION

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

ISOLATED FUNCTION

Concentric Action

Shoulder internal rotation, adduction, and extension

INTEGRATED FUNCTION

Eccentric Action

Shoulder external rotation, abduction, and flexion

Isometric Action

Stabilizes the shoulder girdle

INNERVATION

Lower subscapular nerve

CES Muscles (6 decks)

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