Back Anatomy Flashcards
Classification of Back Muscles
Extrinsic and Intrinsic
Innervation and Classification Of Extrinsic Muscles
Innervation: Anterior Rami of Spinal nerves
Classification:
Superficial And Intermediate
Extrinsic(Superficial) muscles function?
They are involved in the locomotion of the upper limb
Extrinsic(Intermediate) muscles function?
Used in respiration(Elevate and depress Thoracic cage)
Trapezius Muscle
O: S.nucheal line, ext.occip.protuberence, ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7 TO T12
I: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle. acromion process and spine of scapula
I: Spinal Accessory Nerve(Cranial nerve XI)
F: Abduction of humerus, sup. fibers elevate,middle fibers retract and inf. fibers depress scapula
LATTISMUS DORSI
O: Spinous process of T7 TO L5 TO SACRUM,ILIAC CREST AND RIBS 10 TO12
I: INTERTUBERCULAR SULCUS
I: THORACODORSAL NERVE
F:ADDUCTS AND EXTEND HUMERUS,DEPRESS INF ANGLE OF SCAPULA
LEVATOR SCAPULA
O: TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF C1
I:SUP AND MEDIAL BORDER OF SCAPULA
I:DORSAL SCAPULA AND ANT. RAMI OF C3 TO C4
F:ELEVATE THE SCAPULA
RHOMBOID MINOR AND MAJOR
O:LUGAMENTUM NUCHAE and SPIN. PROCESS OF C7(MNR)
SPIN PROCESS OF T2 TO T5(MJR)
I:MEDIAL BORDER OF SCAPULA
I:DORSAL SCAPULA NERVE
F;RETRACT THE SCAPULA
EXTRINSIC(INTERMEDIATE)
SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR
SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR
SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR
O:VETERBRAL COLUMN
I:RIBS
I:ANT. RAMI OF SPINAL NERVE 2-5(SPS)
RAMI OF SPINAL NERVE 9-12(SPI)
F:ELEVATE RIBS 2-5(SPS)
DEPRESS RIBS 9-12(SPI)
INTRINSIC MUSCLES
SPPERFICIAL( SPLENIUS CAPITUS AND CERVICIS)
INTERMEDIATE:ERECTOR SPINE(ILLIOCOSTALIS,LONGISSIMUS AND SPINALIS
DEEP:TRANSVERSOSPINALE
SUB OCCIPITAL MUSCLES AND THEIR INNERVATION
ALL INNERVATED BY SUB OCCIPITAL NERVE
RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MINOR
RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MAJOR
OBLIQUUS CAPITUS SUPERIOR
OBLIQUUS CAPITUS INFERIOR
RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MAJOR
O: SPINOUS PROCESS OF C2
I: INFERIOR NUCHEAL LINE,LATERAL TO RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MINOR
RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MINOR
O: POSTERIOR TURBECLE OF C1
I: : INFERIOR NUCHEAL LINE, MEDIALLY
OBLIQUUS CAPITUS SUPERIOR
O: TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF C1
I: OCCIPITAL BONE, BETWEEN SUPERIOR NUCHEAL LINE AND INFERIOR NUCHEAL LINE
OBLIQUUS CAPITUS INFERIOR
O: SPINOUS PROCESS OF C2
I: TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF C1
SUB OCCIPITAL TRIANGLE BORDERS
Superomedial: Rectus capitus posterior
major
Superolateral: Obliquus capitus superior
* Inferior: Obliquus capitus inferior
* Floor: Posterior atlanto-occiptal membrane
and posterior arch of the C1 vertebrae
(atlas)
* Roof: Semispinalis capitus
SUB OCCIPITAL TRIANGLE CONTAINS
It contains the vertebral artery, suboccipital venous
plexus and suboccipital nerve. I
The cervical vertebrae have features
Triangular vertebral foramen.
Bifid spinous process – this is where the spinous process splits into
two distally.
Transverse foramina – holes in the transverse processes. They give
passage to the vertebral artery, vein and sympathetic nerves.
JOINTS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION
Between vertebral bodies - CARTILIGINOUS
Between vertebral arches –SYNOVIAL
lateral atlanto-axial-PLANE
medial atlanto-axial-PIVOT
atlanto-occipital joints-CONDYLOID
LIGAMENTS THAT ARE ADJECENT TO VERTEBRAL BODIES
Anterior Longitudinal ligament(ALL)
Attached superiorly to the base of the skull and runs the
length of vertebral column to insert inferiorly to the anterior
surface of the sacrum.
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (PLL)
Posterior surface the vertebral body. Like the (ALL)
attached along the length of the vertebral column to IV
discs and vertebral bodies.
Upper part of the PLL that connects C2 to the base of
the skull is called the tectorial membrane.
- Supraspinous ligament
connects and passes along the tips of spinous processes of C7-sacrum.
* From vertebra C7 to skull the ligament becomes distinct- Ligamentum nuchae
SUB OCCIPITAL MUSCLE THAT DOES NOT FORM SUB OCCIPITAL TRIANGLE
RECTUS CAPITUS POSTERIOR MINOR
SUB OCCIPITAL MUSCLE THAT DOES NOT ATTATCH TO THE SKULL
OBLIQUUS CAPITUS INFERIOR
