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microbiology > Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Listeria > Flashcards

Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Listeria Flashcards

1
Q

Most impt feature of bacillus anthracis

A

Spore forming

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2
Q

DRY GROUND GLASS surface and irregular edges with projections along lines of inoculation

A

Medusa head morphology

**seen on bacillus anthracis

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3
Q

Habitat and transmission of bacillus anthracis

A

Habitat: soil
Transmission: CONTACT with infected animals or INHALATION of spores from animal hair and wool (woolsorter’s dse)

**zoonosis!!!!

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4
Q

Used as an agent of bioterrorism using anthrax spores

A

Woolsorter’s disease (AKA Anthrax)

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5
Q

Composition of the anti-phagocytic capsule of bacillus anthracis

A

Protein: POLY-D-GLUTAMATE

***all bacterial capsule are made up of CARBOHYDRATES except for bacillus anthracis

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6
Q

Virulence factor for B. anthracis which is calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase responsible for CELLULAR SWELLING

A

Edema factor!

Edema nga diba?! Swelling!!! :))))))))
*** adenylate cyclase activity is responsible for the fluid accumulation observed in anthrax (murray). Oh ayan alam mo na bat may swelling?:))

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7
Q

Virulence factor(VF) for B. Anthracis responsible for inhibition of signal transduction protein involved in cell division causes CELL DEATH or NECROSIS

A

Lethal factor(LF)

** lethal nga diba, nakakamatay!!!! :))))

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8
Q

VF for B. Anthracis which mediates the ENTRY of the other components in to the cell

A

Protective antigen (PA)

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9
Q

Exotoxin responsible for BINDING

A

B sub unit exotoxins

B for Binding
** Protective Antigen (PA) responsible for BINDING to the receptor

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10
Q

Exotoxin responsible for ACTIVITY or ACTION

A

A subunit exotoxins

*** EF AND LF responsible for the activity

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11
Q

Box car like rods

A

Bacillus anthracis

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12
Q

If the LF is the one that enters the cell and binds to the PA donut it will now be called…

A

Lethal toxin

  • ** of course kasama si LETHAL FACTOR kaya LETHAL!!!:)))))
  • ** They causes cell necrosis and inhibit activity of DNA
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13
Q

If EF binds to PA donut, this is called…

A

Edema toxins

***causes swelling

***of course may EDEMA FACTOR kaya may swelling!!!!:))))

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14
Q

Most immunogenic major protein of B.anthracis

A 
Protective Antigen (PA) 
***hence the name.:)

**kasi naman si LF and EF inhibit the host’s innate immune system

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15
Q

What activity of lethal toxin stimulates macrophages to release TNF-a and IL-1B and other pro inflammatory cytokines

A

Zinc metalloprotease activity of lethal toxin

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16
Q

Characterized by MALIGNANT PUSTULE with subsequent ESCHAR and CENTRAL necrosis

A

CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX

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17
Q

Mode of transmission (MOT) for cutaneous anthrax

A

DIRECT epidermal contact with spores

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18
Q

What toxin causes cutaneous anthrax

A

Lethal toxin

**kaya nga may central necrosis diba?!!!:)))

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19
Q

MOT of inhalational anthrax

A

INHALATION of spores from animals (woolsorter’s dse) or from weaponized preparations (bioterrorism)

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20
Q

Latency period of inhalational anthrax

A

2 months

**PROLONGED LATENCY PERIOD

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21
Q

Characterized by massive ENLARGED MEDIASTINAL LYMPH NODES, pulmonary hemorrhage and meningeal symptoms

A

Inhalational anthrax

***100 % mortality :( :( :(

22
Q

Characterized by UGI ulceration, edema and sepsis (rapid-progressive course)

A

Gastrointestinal anthrax

***100% mortality rate 😟😟😟😟😟😟

23
Q

DOC for cutaneous anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

24
Q

DOC for inhalational and GI anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin or doxycycline with one or two additional antibiotics

***please refer to trans #3 page 2 for the additional antibiotics:)

25
Q

Characteristics of bacillus cereus

A

S-pore forming rod
P-ositive (gram positive)
A-erobic
M-otile

remember SPAM!

26
Q

Habitat and transmission of B.cereus

A

Grains(rice, survive steaming and rapid frying)
Reheated fried rice(spore germinate when rice is kept warm for many hours)

*Food poisoning from reheated fried rice???
Be SERIOUS!! Bacillus cereus 🙀🙀🙀

27
Q

Cholera-like enterotoxin causes ADP-ribosylation, increasing cAMP

A

Heat labile enterotoxin

28
Q

TRUE or FALSE:

Heat labile enterotoxin causes emetic form of diarrhea

A

False!!!!!
Heat Labile: DIARRHEAL form
Heat stable: EMETIC form

29
Q

Staphylococcal-like enterotoxin function as superantigen

A

Heat stable like enterotoxin

30
Q

T or F:

Emetic form has shorter incubation period

A

True.:)

Emetic form: short(4hours), n/v, similar with staph-food poisoning
Diarrheal form: long (18hours), watery, non bloody, resembles clostridial gastroenteritis

31
Q

Complete loss of light perception within 48 hours of the injury after traumatic penetrating eye injuries of the eye with soil contaminated object

A

Opthalmitis

32
Q

Comma ahaped rods arrange in V or L shape, looks like a chinese characters

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

33
Q

Toxigenecity of corynebacterium diphtheriae can be detected using…

A

Modified elek test

34
Q

Habitat and transmission of C.diptheriae

A

Habitat: human throat
MOT: via respiratory droplets

35
Q

It inhibits protein synthesis by adding ADP-ribose to elongation factor-2

A

EXOTOXIN

36
Q

EXOTOXIN is encoded by

A

B-prophage

37
Q

______ result from death of mucosal epithelial cells

A

Pseudomembranes

38
Q

Its presence explains the cardiac and neurologic symptoms observed in patients with severe diphtheria

A

Heparin binding epidermal growth factor.

***receptor for toxin present on surface of many eukaryotic cells(heart and nerve cells)

39
Q

Complication of pseudomembranous pharyngitis

A

Airway obstruction
Myocarditis
CN and or muscle paralysis

40
Q

Treatment for diptheria

A

Antitoxin and Pen-G

***prevention is toxoid vaccine (DTaP)

41
Q

Non-spore forming, gram positive rods with TUMBLING MOTILITY in saline suspensions

A

Listeria monocytogenes

42
Q

Habitat and transmission of listeria

A

GI and female GUT

MOT: cross PLACENTA or CONTACT during delivery; UNPASTEURIZED MILK products

43
Q

Risk individual for listeria

A

very YOUNG
very OLD
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

44
Q

Interacts with E-cadherin on cell surface and serve as an ATTACHMENT to host cells

A

Internalin

45
Q

Allows listeria to ESCAPE from phagosome

A

ListerioLYSIN

46
Q

PROPELS the bacteria through the membrane of one human cell and into other

A

Actin ROCKETS

47
Q

Characterized by LATE MISCARRIAGE or birth complicated by sepsis, multiorgan abscesses and disseminated granulomas

A

Early onset neonatal listeriosis

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

48
Q

Transmitted during childbirth and manifest as MENINGITIS or MENINGOENCEPHALITIS

A

Late onset neonatal listeriosis

49
Q

Treatment and prevention for listeria

A

Ampicillin with or without gentamicin

Prevention: pregnant and immunocompromised should not ingest UNPASTEURIZED MILK PRODUCTS or RAW VEGETABLES

50
Q

Infection of traumatized skin in an individual who was in DIRECT CONTACT with meat or other animal products cause by ERYSIPELOID

A

Erysipeloid rhusiopathiae

microbiology (2 decks)

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