BABY Flashcards
where is the best place to do IM injections?
anterolateral aspect of thigh into the vastus lateralis muscle
ergotarte
is an oxytocic and is given to cause uterine contraction or cramping and prevent bleeding
how should you admin ear drops to a child
pull down and back
swelling of the feet is normal in preggos but what is not normal?
swelling of the face and hands. it means she has hptn.
when should you take lamaze classes?
closer to due date
normal walking age?
7-18mnts
when can you start eating solids?
after four months
what happens when you have chlamydia and give birth?
the bby will be blind.
where does fertilization happen?
in the Fallopian tube
where does implantation happen?
in the uterine wall
when are they concidered a fetus?
end of the eight week o the end of the pregnancy
naegeles rule
first day of your last period minus three months plus seven
nulligravida”
is a woman who has never been pregnant.
Gravida
indicates the number of times a woman is or has been pregnant, regardless of the pregnancy outcome.[3] A current pregnancy, if any, is included in this count. Twin pregnancy is counted as 1.
Parity, or “para”
indicates the number of pregnancies reaching viable gestational age (including live births and stillbirths). The number of fetuses does not determine the parity.[4] Twin pregnancy carried to viable gestational age is counted as 1.
normal maternal weight gain
20-30 lb
what kind of anticoagulant should be give and one that should be avoided?
must use heparin and avoid warfarin
ectopic pregnancy
preggo that occurs outside the uterus; usually in the tube.
pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)
three cardinal symptoms: proteinuria, hypertension, and edema
you will have edema on the face and hands including the normal edema on the legs.
Interventions: promote bed rest as long as signs of edema or proteinuria are minimal; left side usually recommended to increase placental perfusion .
-magnesium sulfate is given
EMERGENCY CASE** call 911 if the women complains fo severe headache and blurred vision. it puts her in risk of seizures
abruptio placenta
premature separation of the placenta from part or all of the normal implantation site
- there will be bleeding, board-like abs,
- c-section will happen, outlook for bby is poor
chadwicks sign
blue coloration of mucus membranes
goodell’s sign
softening of cervix
braxton hicks
real contractions, fake labour.
why do the feet swell
the enlarging baby reduces venous return, causing retention of fluid in the feet and ankles
when does the babys heart start beating?
at four weeks
how do you help with morning sickness
eating dry carbs in the morning before rising helps
what does epigastic pain and a headache in a preggo mean?
suggest that a seizure is imminent
what is full dilation?
10 cm
fetal BBM
normal rate- 120-150
- take fetal HR q 15-30 min during first stage of labor than q 5-15 mins
- a normal fetal heart rate will slow during the beginning of a contraction, stays within normal range and returns by the end of the contraction
maternal vital signs
temp, pulse, and resp q4h then prn
-BP q30 mins
keep bladder empty
slows decent on fetus
immediate care of the neonate
- ABC:airway, breathing, circulation
- maintain airway by suctioning and position head down to promote drainage
- clamp cord
- provide warmth
- apgar scoring at one minute and at five minutes. 1-10
- give vitamin K to prevent hemorrhagic disease. the stomach does not have the intestinal flora needed to make vit. k
stages of labour
- from the onset of labor through complete dilation of the cervix
.intense strong contractions q2-3 minutes lasting 60-90 seconds; should not last longer than on or two hours
2.the delivery of the baby
3.delivery of the placenta
4.recovery stage
assessment of the fundus at the four stage of labour
fundus must remain firm; should be at or above umbilicus
- if not firm, massage it,
- mitocin may be ordered if fundus is not firm
- because the of uterine atony is the largest cause of hemorrhage
lochia
normal discharge after childbirth
pitocin
stimulate uterine contractions
prolapsed cord
cord is in the vagina, ahead of the presenting part
when should analgesia be given?
given after 5 cm of dilation and until one to two hours before delivery
do not push until…
youre fully dilated and completed transitioning (2- minutes, 60-90 seconds)
why should a women pant?
to avoid pushing
sexual relations
resume four to six weeks after delivery
thrombophlebitis
increased risk population due to increased amount of fibrinogen after delivery.
assessment findings:instead of positive homans sign use redness, pain, and edema in leg
consumption of water will encourage milk production
which when a person doesnt wanna breast feed, avoid giving fluids
acrocyanosis
peripheral limbs are blueish in colour
normal weight of a newborn
6-8.5 lb
umbilical stump
will fall off 6-10 days up to three weeks
hypoglycemia of the newborn
will be lethargic, irritable, jittery, tremors, pallor
baby weight after a year
triples birth weight
stranger anxiety starts
at 6-8 months
activated charcoal
minimizes absorption of posion
temper tantrums
are common and normal in a 2 year old because is developing autonomy
when does a child start riding a tricycle?
three years, three wheels
when are chickenpox contagious
as long as there are fluid-filled blisters. scabs are not contagious
asthma is an allergic condition and frequently follows eczema, also an allergic condition
.
continual swallowing indicates
bleeding. a physician should be notified
hypopituitarism versus hyperpituitarism
dwarfism and gigantism
gestational diabetes
a women will need more insulin because her metabolic rate and needs increase after the first trimester.
the fetus demands for glucose and increases the risk for hypoglycemia in the mom.
urinary freq and vag discharge during pregancy
its normal to have urinary frequency and vag discharge until the baby stops pressing down on the bladder
you take carbs in the morning for morning sickness… when do you take prenatal vitamins?
before bedtime and with food.
APGAR scoring
assess at 1 minute and at 5 mins
-appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and resps
-anything less than 4 is considered critical and may need resusicitation
-baby with 5 will need clearing the airway
a score 7-10 is fine
babys and sunscreen
skin is very sensitive and they should be kept out of the sun until six months of age.
if the water breaks unexpectedly
the fetus is in serious danger, open source of infection
primapara
first time pregnant
ppl who had an epidural must be positioned in what position
semi-fowlers to prevent upward migration of the opioid in the spinal cord, decreasing the risk for resp depression
rubella vaccine
take it 28 days before trying to have a baby
normal heart rate for newborns
120-160
oxytocin
stimulates contractions, which can cause decreased fetal heart rate and hypoxia
the anterior fontanel in babys
will be a soft spot. closes 12-18 months of age
how to check for jaundice for dark skinned babys
inspection of the hard palate for yellow
teeth
- first two teeth come at 7 months
- the average child should have all 20 primary teeth by three years.
- permanent teeth start to erupt around 6.
- there are 32 permanent teeth
otitis media
generally follows a resp infection, it is important to avoid contact with people having upper resp infections
how to admin albuterol and exercise
give 15 mins prior to exercise
what not to give HIV children
dont give them fresh fruit and veggies because they got lots of bacteria and pesticides. and those children with HIV have lower immune systems
cystic fibrosis
generealized dysfunction of the exocrine glands. mucus secretions of the body particularly in the pancrease, lungs, and gi tract have difficulty flowing through the ducts.
**the gene which causes NA and CL to not function properly in the body
manis:
thick secretions
cleft palate care
should not use a straw because it or sharp objects will tear suture line
status asthmaticus
acute prolonged and severe asthma attack that is unresponsive to usual treatment.
peds dosing of tylenol should not exceed
60 mg/kg.day so 480 mg
dystocia
a difficult or prolonged or painful labout
preterm labour
after week 20 but before week 37 of gestation
the nurse is assigned to care for a client who is early labour. what data should the nurse collect first
baseline fetal heart rate
precipitous labor and deilvery
labour that lasts less than 3 hours.
priority care since the contractions are more frequent, there is less time to relax and oxygenate the fetus. so you must place in side lying
placenta previa VS abruptio placente
placenta previa- painless, bright red vaginal bleeding and the uterus is soft. its when the placenta is improperly implanted in the uterus
VS
abruptio placente- darj red vaginal bleeding, pain, uterine rigidity. it is the premature separation of the placenta after 20 weeks
what to do if engorgement happens
have the mother breast feed.
apply warm packs before feeding and cool packs after. and massage
how long should a woman feed for
breast milk diet is a sufficient diet for the first 4- 6 months
the nurse is assisting is caring for a postterm neonate, what is the most important thing to monitor?
blood glucose levels. the most common common complication is hypoglycemia
impetigo
high contagious infection from s. aurus or strep or both
clubbing is an indication if
chronic hypoxia
tocolytics
are medications that produce uterine relaxation and suppress uterine activity
magnesium sulfate
central nervous depressant and anticonvulsant.
increased hr rate in a post partum women
you got to think of bleeding
1 year old BBP
100-118
2nd trimester-
find fetal movements, uterus is @ symphysis pubis
milk progess
- foremilk-hindmilk
- colostrum few days after- rich in protein, vit a..transitional milk… mature milk(blueish)
post partum pulse and abnormal pulse
- A slow pulse is common in the early postpartum period. A maternal pulse rate that would be high normal at other times may indicate hemorrhage or infection in the postpartum patient
why is a person thirsty when they are diabetic?
the glucose in the blood has no where to go. the insulin is not transporting it into the cells or storing it in the liver so the glucose is backed up in the blood. the body pulls water from everywhere to try and dilute the blood. which makes the person thristy/dehydrated
why do you pee a lot when you are diabetic?
when there is too much glucose in the blood, the kidneys will try to excrete it into urine- glucose in the urine. glucose has a strong water pull that pulls the water out of the body. which leads to extreme diuresis
Hep B is given at
First 12 hours
MMR is given at
15 months
