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Babs Flashcards

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1
Q

Constitution

A

System of fundamental principles

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2
Q

Question period

A

45 mins where the opposition can question in the House of Commons

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3
Q

Backbenchers

A

Members of governing party who aren’t in the cabinet (less important than MPs)

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4
Q

Communism

A

Extreme left-wing ideology based on the revolutionary socialist teachings of the Marx. Collective ownership and planned economy. Each should work to their capability and receive according to their needs. Authoritarian, classless

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5
Q

Parliament

A

Group of representatives who govern the country

Made up of the Governor General, House of Commons, and the senate

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6
Q

Socialism

A

Left-wing political system where the principle means of production, distribution, and exchange are in common ownership

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7
Q

Cabinet

A

Elected party members that initiate new laws, administer government policy

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8
Q

Patronage

A

Act of rewarding a party member for loyalty or support

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9
Q

Liberalism

A

Representative government, free-speech, abolition of class privilege of the individual

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10
Q

Fascism

A

Extreme right-wing ideology where the existing social order is protected by the forcible suppression of the working class

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11
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners, rather than by the state

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12
Q

Speaker of the house

A

Leader of the majority party who serves as the presiding officer of the House of Representatives

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13
Q

Government

A

The ruling authority for a community

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14
Q

Riding

A

Area marked by population to be represented by an elected government official

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15
Q

Cabinet solidarity

A

Display of full support for the leader and decisions to show strength and demonstrates to the public that the government is united and confident with their decision

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16
Q

Representative democrAcy

A

A democratic system in which citizens vote for representatives who are empowered in their behalf to make decisions

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17
Q

Senate

A

Not an elected body, upper house, who provide “sober second thought” in the passing of bills

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18
Q

Governor General

A

The person who represents the British crown in Canada. gives formal assent to bill before it becomes a law, performs ceremonial functions, and acts as adviser to govt to ensure it abides by Constitution

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19
Q

Conservatism

A

Government system where the existing institutions are maintained, emphasizing free-enterprise and minimal government intervention

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20
Q

Political spectrum

A

The difference in political views held by the different political parties

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21
Q

Party whip

A

A member of a party that ensures members are present in parliament so they may vote in legislature and support bills

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22
Q

Public service

A

Referred to as the civil service or bureaucracy. Employed group who performs business of government

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23
Q

Democracy

A

Rule by the people

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24
Q

Monarchy

A

State ruled by a monarch

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25
Q

Head of state

A

Also known as Governor General

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26
Q

Legislative branch

A

Makes and amends laws

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27
Q

Caucus and in camera

A

A private meeting among party MPs

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28
Q

House of Commons (Lower House)

A

All members of parliament

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29
Q

Executive branch

A

Makes and administers decisions.

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30
Q

Judicial branch

A

Interprets and administers laws

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31
Q

Prime minister

A

Head of government, national leader, and party leader

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32
Q

Sergeant-at-arms

A

Performs ceremonial duties (mace) in charge of security for the House of Commons and parliament buildings

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33
Q

Opposition

A

Any member of parliament not in the winning party

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34
Q

Shadow cabinet

A

Role is to criticize cabinet

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35
Q

Absolute monarchy

A

A government solely run by the ruler

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36
Q

Constitutional monarchy

A

The recognition of a monarch as the head of state however we have our own constitutions and the Queen is subject to our laws

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37
Q

Canadian constitution

A

A legal document outlining who should have the power to make various decisions

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38
Q

Residual powers

A

Any powers that are not specifically listed that are held by the federal government or the Crown

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39
Q

Suffrage

A

The right to vote

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40
Q

Member of Parliament (MP)

A

An elected member of the House of Commons who represents a riding

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41
Q

Direct democracy

A

A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives

42
Q

Federal system/federalism

A

The sharing of power between the central and provincial governments

43
Q

Vote of non-confidence

A

A vote showing that a majority does not support the policy of a leader or governing body.

44
Q

Deputy minister

A

The public servant who manages each government department.

45
Q

Mace

A

Ceremonial staff used as a symbol of authority; clublike medieval weapon

46
Q

Public servants

A

Employees of the federal government who represent the link between Canadian citizens and the government

47
Q

Leader of the opposition

A

The leader of the largest political party opposing the government in the Canadian House of Commons, who is also in charge of the Shadow Cabinet.

48
Q

Supreme court

A

The highest judicial court in a country or state.

49
Q

Legislative assembly

A

Elected body in each province and territory to create and pass laws

50
Q

Lieutenant governor

A

Representative of the monarch in each province and territory

51
Q

Mayor

A

Head of municipal government

52
Q

Municipal councillors

A

Develop policies and pass by-laws as needed

53
Q

By-laws

A

Public regulatory laws which apply in a certain area

54
Q

Band Council

A

Aboriginal elders who meet needs if the people

55
Q

Chief

A

Leader of Aboriginal community (mayor)

56
Q

Constitution Act 1867

A

The legislation setting out the division of responsibilities between the federal and provincial or territorial governments

57
Q

Statue of Westminster

A

1931 act of Parliament that recognized Canada, completely independent. We joined with Great Britain as equal partners in an organization called the British Commonwealth of Nations.

58
Q

Patriation

A

the process of bringing legislation back under the legal authority of the country to which it applies (Britain in Canada’s case)

59
Q

Party platform

A

The statement of policies of a national political party

60
Q

Official party status

A
  • Must have a minimum of 12 seats in House of Commons

- Allows a party to receive funding for government and participate in debates in House of Commons

61
Q

Universal franchise

A

The right to vote for all citizens over 18 years of age

62
Q

Chief Electoral Officer

A

The non-partisan officer of Parliament responsible for the administration of federal elections and referendums under the Canada Elections Act

63
Q

Polling stations

A

locations where citizens in a riding vote

64
Q

Regionalism

A

loyalty to the interests of a particular region

65
Q

Majority government

A

Refers to a party in the House of Commons that forms the government with more than 50% of the seats under its control.

66
Q

Minority government

A

a government in which the ruling party has less than half the seats in the legislature

67
Q

Coalition government

A

When two or more parties join together to form a majority in a national legislature.

68
Q

First-past-the-post system

A

The system in which the candidate who has more votes than any other candidate wins an election.

69
Q

Popular vote

A

The tally of each individual’s vote within a given geographic area

70
Q

Proportional representation

A

An election system in which each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.

71
Q

Preferential ballot

A

voters rank candidates in order of preference

72
Q

Interest/pressure groups

A

When individuals or groups articulate their interests to federal, provincial or municipal government to influence public policy or government decision making

73
Q

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A

the bill identifying human rights that are guaranteed to everyone in Canada; enacted in 1982 and embedded in the Constitution of Canada

74
Q

Rule of Law

A

states that - we’re governed by fixed set of laws - laws apply to all people equally (even Monarch) - specific offences can only be charged after following proper legal procedures

75
Q

Civil law

A

deals with relationships between individuals and groups. contracts, property, personal relationships. person who suffered is plaintiff. person who did “wrong” is defendant. trespassing, contracts, advertising

76
Q

Legislative branch in federal government includes…

A

Governor General, senate, house of commons (PM, cabinet, MPs)

77
Q

Prov gov’t includes…

A

Lieutenant governor, legislative assembly (premier, Cabinet, MLAs)

78
Q

Bill to law process in provincial govt

A

3 readings. bills passed are proclaimed by lieutenant governor. Includes finance, education, environment

79
Q

Criminal law

A

deals with matters that affect society. contained in criminal code of Canada (1892). carried out in name of crown. lawyers for crown are prosecution. accused person is defendant. murder, assault, theft… 3 elements of criminal law: - presumption of innocence (innocent until proven guilty) - criminal act (guilt must be proven under Canadian Law) - Mens Rea (guilty mind - prosecution must show intent)

80
Q

Common law

A

English origins. based on decisions of British judges. rules based on precedent (past decisions) - not just based on law professors, but other scholars as well.

81
Q

Statutory law

A

set out in parliament

82
Q

Quebec civil code

A

based on code Napoleon. applies to Quebec, in harmony with charter of rights and freedom. arranged into 10 books

83
Q

life sentence

A

25 years

84
Q

2 year or less sentence

A

provincial institution

85
Q

more than 2 year sentence

A

federal institution

86
Q

whats the goal of our corrections system

A

to rehabilitate

87
Q

whats maximum term for a youth

A

5 years

88
Q

what happens to criminal record when youth turns to adult. and can youth offenders be named

A

its destroyed. no, most youth offenders cannot be named

89
Q

civil disobedience

A

the act of intentionally breaking or refusing to keep laws one considers unjust

90
Q

notwithstanding clause

A

allows govt to pass law, even if it violates specific freedom or right guaranteed in Charter. expires 5 years after it’s invoked, but may be renewed.

91
Q

dissolving parliament

A

what PM asks govt general to do before calling an election. happens when gov’t’s fixed 4 years is complete

92
Q

Session

A

When federal parliament meets at least once a year to pass new laws, amend or repeal laws, and debate issues of concern to Canadians, it’s called this

93
Q

Executive branch of federal government includes…

A

Governor General, prime minister, cabinet and public service

94
Q

Non-governmental organization

A

Special interest non-profit organizations that work to improve some aspect of people’s lives (examples: the Canadian Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders)

95
Q

Lobbyist

A

Someone who is paid to represent interests of a particular group to key decision makers

96
Q

traditions

A

established rules and procedures which have been around for a while

97
Q

free vote

A

allows members of legislature to vote according to what they believe is best, rather than following party position

98
Q

political party

A

organization of individuals who support a common set of goals and beliefs

99
Q

private member’s bill

A

when member of house of commons that’s not in cabinet introduces a new bill

100
Q

premier

A

“provincial prime minister”

101
Q

hate propaganda

A

any notice, sign, symbol, emblem, or other representation that exposes a person or class of persons to hatred

102
Q

bill to law process federal government

A

cabinet minister has idea. it is approved by cabinet. lawyers draft bill, cabinet and caucus approve bill. bill introduced to house of commons or senate for first reading, then second reading. it is debated. parliamentary committee examines bill, house amends it, third reading, bill passes house. senate examines, debates and amends bill, it is passed. Governor General gives formal assent, its done.

government (1 decks)

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