B9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

The opposite of photosynthesis, and it is an exothermic reaction where the energy is transferred to the environment. It takes place in mainly the mitochondria.

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2
Q

Why are 4 reasons respiration is needed?

A

Living cells need energy to carry out the basic functions. In animals, respiration is needed to help your muscles contract. Mammals and birds need a constant internal body temperature and energy from respiration is used. In plants respiration is used in active transport.

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3
Q

What are 3 changes that take place as muscular activity increases?

A

Your heart rate increases and the arteries widen increasing the supply of oxygen and glucose to muscles for respiration increases. Your breathing rate increases, increasing the amount of oxygen and glycogen in muscles is converted back to glucose.

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4
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

glucose-lactic acid (and energy). It creates an oxygen debt which needs to be paid off to convert the lactic acid into glucose.

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5
Q

What is the oxygen debt repayment?

A

lactic acid + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water

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6
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of all the reactions in the body.

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7
Q

What are 3 metabolic reactions?

A

The conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose, the reactions of respiration and the reactions of photosynthesis.

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8
Q

Why is the liver needed?

A

To detoxify poisonous substances, passing the breakdown products into the blood to be extracted by urine and breaking down old blood cells and storing the iron.

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9
Q

How does the liver remove lactic acid?

A

Blood flows through the muscles, transporting lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back to glucose.

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