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Pharmacology block 8 > B8W1 Antiemetics, motion sickness, spasticity, antiepilieptics, neurodegenerative disorders > Flashcards

B8W1 Antiemetics, motion sickness, spasticity, antiepilieptics, neurodegenerative disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Antiemetics

A 
Odansetron (Zofran), 
Granisetron (Kytril),
Aprepitant (Emend)
Dexamethasone
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Dronabinol (Marinol)
Marijuana,

non productive nausea and vomiting
Promethazine (Phenergan)
Doxylamine + pyroxidine (Diglegis)

Motion sickness
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine),
Meclizine (Antivert),
Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

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2
Q

Odansetron (Zofran)

A

5HT receptor antagonist

use: antiemetic
admin: oral, oral soluble film, IV

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3
Q

Granisetron (Kytril)

A

5HT receptor antagonist

use: antiemetic
admin: oral, IV, transdermal patch

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4
Q

Aprepitant (Emend)

A

NK1, Sub P, neurokinin receptor antagonist

use: antiemetic
admin: oral, IV

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5
Q

Dexamethosone

A

corticosteroid- synergistic with aprepitant
use: antiemetic
admin; Oral, IV

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6
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

D2 receptor antagonist (substituted benzamides)
use: antiemetics
admin: oral, IM, IV
SFx: dystonia, tardive dyskinesia

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7
Q

Dronabinol (Marinol)

A

oral cannibinoids (refractory emesis)
admin: smoked, eaten, vaped
SFX: euphoria, dysphoria, hallucination, abuse potential

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8
Q

Promethazine (Phenergan)

A

D2 receptors antagonist (substituted phenothazines) block mACh receptors, some anti H1
use: non productive nausea and emesis
admin: oral, suppositories, IM, IV
no dystonias

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9
Q

Doxylamine + pyroxidine (Diclegis)

A

H1 receptor antagonist, mACh receptor

Use: non productive emesis and nausea in pregnancy

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10
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)

A

H1 receptor antagonist (short term)

use: vertigo/ motion sickness
admin: oral, IM, IV

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11
Q

Meclizine (Antivert)

A

H1 receptor antagonist (short term)
Use: vertigo/motion sickness
admin: oral

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12
Q

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

A

mACh receptor antagonist (long term sustained control)

use: vertigo/motion sickness
admin: transdermal patch, less SFx

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13
Q

Baclofen (Lioresal)

A

GABAb agonist postsynaptically
Use: spasticity control
admin: intrathecally

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14
Q

Tizanidine (Zanflex)

A

GABAb agonist presynaptic glutamine releasing adrenergic receptors
SFx are dry mouth, urination, thirst? (look up adrenergic effects)

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15
Q

Vigabatrin

A

block deg. of GABA in synapse

use: antiepileptic

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16
Q

Tigabine

A

block reuptake of GABA in synapse

use: antiepileptic

17
Q

Benzodiazepines

A 
Anti-epileptics
Diazepam (Valium)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Midazolam (Versed)
Clonazepam (Klonipin)
Phenobarbital
Anti-epileptics
18
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A

benzo
enhance postsyn GABAa receptor activity
inc. number of times GABAa channel is open
Anti-epileptics

19
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

benzo
enhance postsyn GABAa receptor activity
inc. number of times GABAa channel is open
Anti-epileptics

20
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

A

benzo
enhance postsyn GABAa receptor activity
inc. number of times GABAa channel is open
Anti-epileptics

21
Q

Clonazepam (Klonipin)

A

benzo
enhance postsyn GABAa receptor activity
inc. number of times GABAa channel is open
Anti-epileptics

22
Q

Phenobarbital

A

benzo
enhance postsyn GABAa receptor activity
inc. length of time GABAa channel is open
Anti-epileptics

23
Q

Antiepileptic meds that attenuate glutaminergic NT

A

Gabapentin/Pregabalin
Felbamate
Topiramate
Levetiracetam

24
Q

Phenytoin

A

Antiepileptic, modifies presynaptic Na channel

25
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Antiepileptic, modifies presynaptic Ca channel

26
Q

Retigabine

A

Antiepileptic, modifies presynaptic K channel

27
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Antiepileptic, modifies presynaptic Na channel

28
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Antiepileptic, modifies postsynaptic Ca channel

29
Q

Valproate/ Valproic Acid

A

Antiepileptic, modifies postsynaptic Ca channel

30
Q

Donepezil (Aricept)

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor

used to treat alzheimers

31
Q

Ravistigmine (Excelon - patch)

A

Cholinesterase inhibitor

treat alzheimers

32
Q

Levodopa (L-DOPA)

A

Increases dopamine levels by crossing the BBB

treat parkinsons

33
Q

Tetrabenazine (Xenazine)

A

selective and reversible dopamine DEPLETING drug
inhibits VMAT2
treat huntingtons

34
Q

D2 receptor antagonist (function)

A

relieves psychosis

35
Q

Riluzole (Rilutek)

A

inhibits glutamine release, block NMDA and Kainate glu receptors, inhibit Na channels
treats ALS
treats spasticity in MS

Pharmacology block 8 (2 decks)

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