B8.2 - Respiration

Question 1

Why do organisms need energy?

Answer 1

Construction, Contraction, Homeostasis, Growth, Active transport, Nerve impulses

Question 2

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 2

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H20

Question 3

How is the water used when produced by respiration?

Answer 3

The water produced is used in our body or excreted through our kidneys.

Question 4

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?

Answer 4

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 5

How is yeast used, industrial wise?

Answer 5

To make bread or alcohol.

Question 6

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 6

Glucose → lactic acid

Question 7

When is anaerobic respiration needed?

Answer 7

• Diving animals such as whales and seals
• In muscle cells, when vigorous exercise requires more energy than can be provided by an increased supply of oxygen from deeper faster breathing and faster heart rate.

Question 8

Explain how Lactic acid is removed.

Answer 8

During anaerobic respiration, the concentration of lactic acid builds up in the cells and in the blood (acidic). When exercise has finished and sufficient oxygen is available again, a fast heart rate is maintained for a while to help transport lactic acid to muscle and liver cells. Increased breathing rate is also maintained. The lactic acid is converted in muscles and liver cells back to glucose.

Question 9

Explain why oxygen consumption does not return immediately to the resting level after an exercise (aerobic and anaerobic)

Answer 9

• When you exercise your muscles contract faster and respire faster. After you exercise your body needs extra oxygen to restore the body to a resting state. So for a couple of minutes, you maintain your heart rate and breathing rate. This is called oxygen debt.
• In a vigorous exercise anaerobic respiration also takes place producing lactic acid. By maintaining a fast heart rate the lactic acid is transported to your muscles and liver cells. Then using energy from respiration, which needs oxygen to take place, the lactic acid is converted back to glucose.

Question 10

Explain why your breathing rate doesn’t immediately come back to normal after an exercise.

Answer 10

• When you exercise your muscles contract faster and respire faster. After you exercise your body needs extra oxygen to restore the body to a resting state. So for a couple of minutes, you maintain your and breathing rate taking in oxygen at a faster rate. This is called oxygen debt.
• ## Also when your muscle contracts faster Carbon dioxide is produced more quickly. Carbon dioxide is an acidic gas that dissolves easily in water-based solutions, such as the cytoplasm of a cell and blood plasma. A change in pH can affect the activity of many cell enzymes, so carbon dioxide has to be removed from the cells quickly by the fast breathing rate.

Question 11

Explain how Carbon dioxide is removed quickly.

Answer 11

The increase in carbon dioxide concentration as a result of increased physical activity is detected as the blood flows past receptors in part of the brain. The receptors send impulses to the lungs, causing an increase in the rate and depth of breathing, which helps to remove the extra carbon dioxide quickly as possible.

Question 12

Does Aerobic respiration break down fully the Glucose?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

Does Anaerobic respiration break down fully the Glucose?

Answer 13

No, Aerobic does

Question 14

Which type of respiration produces more energy?

Answer 14

Aerobic