B7 - Non-Communicable Diseases Flashcards
What is a non-communicable disease?
- Cannot be passed from one individual to another.
How can risk factors come about to a human?
- Aspects of a person’s lifestyle or substances present in a persons body or environment, that have been shown to be linked to an increased rate of disease.
What happens for some non-communicable diseases?
- A causal mechanism for some risk factors has been proven, but not in others.
What are benign and malignant tumours a product of?
Abnormal, uncontrolled cell division.
What are benign tumours?
Form in one place and do not spread to other tissues.
What are malignant tumours?
Cancers.
Invade neighbouring tissues and may spread to different parts of the body in the blood where they form secondary tumours.
How can lifestyle risk factors trigger cancer?
Smoking, obesity, common viruses, UV exposure and genetic risks are all factors for cancer occurrence.
What can smoking cause?
Cardiovascular disease - coronary heart disease, lung cancer and lung diseases such as bronchitis and COPD.
What risks is a foetus at risk at if their mother is smoking or ‘passively’ smoking?
- Restricted oxygen which can lead to premature birth, low birthweight and even stillbirth.
How can diet increase your risk of developing cardiovascular and other diseases?
- Through cholesterol levels.
- Indirectly through obesity.
What can be caused through obesity?
- Type 2 diabetes.
What can alcohol put at risk?
- Damage the liver and cause cirrhosis and liver cancer.
- Brain damage and death
- If alcohol is consumed whilst pregnant, it can affect the development of her unborn baby.
