Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MM1 Leesy > B6.016 - Soft Tissue Tumors Prework Part 2 > Flashcards

B6.016 - Soft Tissue Tumors Prework Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

vascular tumors

A

hemangioma

kaposi sarcoma

angiosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are hemangiomas

A

majority are superficial lesions, often head and neck, may occur internally especially the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

types of hemangiomas

A

capillary hemangioma

pyogenic granuloma (lobular capillary hemangioma)

cavernouse hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
A

capillary hemangioma

closely packed aggregates of thin walled capillaries

juvenile hemangiomas of the skin of newborns is extremely common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A

cavernous hemangioma

larger, more frequently involve deep structures like liver

histo: large cavernous vasvcular spaces filled with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
A

capillary hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
A

capillary hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A

cavernous hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A

pyogenic granuloma (lobular capillary hemangioma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

kaposi sarcoma feautures

A

HHV8 associated

low to intermediate grade sarcoma, locally aggressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the 4 forms of KS

A

classic or european

african/endemic

transplant associated

AIDS associated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe classic/european KS

A

chronic, indolent coures of older men, skin lesions, not associated with HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe african/endemic KS

A

protracted, progressive coures, lymphadenopathy, not associated with HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe transplant associated KS

A

aggressive coures, involves LN, mucosa and internal organs, may resolve after withdrawal of immunosuppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe AIDS associated KS

A

HIV-1 most aggressive form, most common AIDs associated cancer of US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pathogenesis of KS

A

regardless of clinical subtype 95% of KS are infected iwth HHV8, aka KSHV

KSHV can be trnasmitted sexually as well as by poorly understood nonsexual routes

KSHV is a necessary requirement for KS development but tumor progression also requires a cofactor like HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

histology of KS and 3 stages/clinical coures

A

patches

plaques

nodules

proliferation of slit like vascular channels, lined by plump spindle cells with extravasated RBCs

frequent mitoses

clinically variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
A

KS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

KS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

KS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

feaures of angiosarcoma

A

more often in older adults

most commonly involves skin, soft tissue, breast and liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is hepatic angiosarcoma associated with

A

hepatic angiosarcoma: associated with chemical carcinogens (arsenic, thorotrast, polyvinyl chlloride PVC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is upper extremity angiosarcoma associated with

A

lymphedema following axillary lymph node dissection in radical mastectomy for breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what can angiosarcoma be associated with

A

radiation (post radiation angiosarcoma)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
A

angiosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
A

angiosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

histo and prognosis of angiosarcoma

A

histo: vascular channels lined by atypical plump malignant endothelial cells

IHC: CD31+

Prognosos: poor outcome with frequent local recurrence and distant metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
A

angiosarcoma

29
Q
A

angiosarcoma

30
Q
A

angiosarcoma

31
Q
A

angiosarcoma

32
Q
A

angiosarcoma

33
Q
A

angiosarcoma

34
Q

benign nerve sheath tumors

A

schwannoma

neurofribroma

35
Q

malingnant nerve sheath tumors

A

malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

36
Q

shwannoma features

A

encapsulated benign nerve sheath tumor composed of schwann cells; age 20-40

eccentric mass loosly attached to a nerve

usually 90% sporadic; 3-10% associated with NF2

excision curative

37
Q

histo and IHC of shwannoma

A

histo: spindle cells show nuclear palisading, Antoni A and Antoni B areas

IHC: S100 positive in all cells

38
Q
A

Schwannoma

39
Q
40
Q
41
Q

neurofibroma features

A

non encapsulated benign nerve sheath tumor composed of admixture of axons, schwann cells, perineural cells and fibroblasts

Most (90%) are sporadic, 10% occur in NF1 and may be solitary multiple large or plexiform tumors

42
Q

histo and IHC of neurofibroma

A

histo: bundles of spindle cells with angulated, elongated nuclei and wavy cell process in a loose myxoid and collagenous background

IHC: S100 positive in scattered cells

43
Q
A

neurofibroma

44
Q
A

neurofibroma

45
Q
A

plexiform neurofibroma NF1

46
Q
A

plexiform neurofibroma NF1

47
Q
A

plexiform neurofibroma NF1

48
Q
A

plexiform neurofibroma

49
Q
A

plexiform neurofibroma

50
Q

feautres of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

A

sarcoma arising from a nerve or from a benign nerve sheath tumor or showing nerve sheath differentiation

50% sporadic

50% associated with NF1

adults 20-50

70% arise in major nerve trunks

local recurrence >40%, metastasis 30-60%

51
Q
52
Q

histo, IHC of MPNST

A

histo: spindle and epitheliod cell variants

IHC: foal S100 in 60%

15% may be mixed with other sarcoma types (heterologous elements)

  • rhabdomyosarcoma (triton tumor)
  • cartilage or bone
  • angiosarcoma, glandular elements
53
Q
54
Q
55
Q
A

MPNST with heterologous elements (chondro)

56
Q
A

MPNST with heterologous elements (rhabdo/triton)

57
Q

tumors of uncertain histogenesis

A

synovial sarcoma

58
Q

features of synovial sarcoma

A

cell of origin unclear

most occur in pts 20-40 yrs

most occur in deep soft tissue around large joints of extremities, mainly knees

59
Q

histo/features of synovial sarcoma and tx

A

histo: biphasic tumor with both epithelial and mesenchymal (sarcomatous) components

mesenchymal component may predominate

characteristic chromosomal transloacation (t(x;18))

treated with wide excision and chemo

commonly metastasizes to lung, bone, regional LN

60
Q
A

synovial sarcoma

61
Q
A

synovial sarcoma

62
Q
A

synovial sarcoma

63
Q
A

synovial sarcoma

epithelial marker

64
Q
A

synovial sarcoma

mesenchymal marker

65
Q

describe UPS

A

undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma

previously called MFH

odler adults

proximal extremities and retroperitoneum

usually large grey-white unencapsulated mass in muscle

66
Q

UPS histo

A

no differentiation toward specific tissue type

malignant spindle cells in storiform pattern, large bizarre mulitnucleated pleomorphic cells

aggressive, may recur metastasize

MM1 Leesy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions