B6: Process Management and Information Technology Flashcards
What is Theory of Constraints (TOC)?
Organizations are impeded from achieving objectives by the existence of one or more constraints (need work arounds or leverage constraint).
Goal is to maximize throughput (output) by identifying and alleviating constraints.
Can be Internal or external constraints.
What is Total Quality Management? TQM
Commitment to customer focused performance with quality and continuous improvement
- Customer Focus- function of the corp exists to satisfy the customer (external and internal)
- Continuous Improvement- quality is not just the goal, it is embedded into the process
- Workforce Involvement- team approaches and worker input to process development and improvement (quality circles)
- Top Management Support- actively describe and demonstrate support
- Objective Measures- unambiguous, clearly communicated, and consistently reported
- Timely Recognition- compensation and general recognition
- Ongoing Training- should never stop
What is the Kaizen component of lean manufacturing?
Continuous improvement to improve efficiency and effectiveness of organizations through greater operational control.
Occurs at manufacturing stage, where ongoing search for cost reductions takes the form of analysis of production processes to ensure that resource usage stays within target costs.
What are the key components of Just in Time management? JIT
Holding inventory does not add value, utilize a “pull approach” to demand, goods are only produced when it is needed down the line.
Fewer, but more trusted suppliers. Rely on them for own quality control.
More frequent deliveries throughout the day, close coordination with suppliers amd their systems.
Employees can multi-task, not assigned to just one station.
What are the five focus areas for IT governance set out by the IT governance institute?
- Strategic alignment - linking business & IT so they work well together
- Value Delivery - Making sure IT department delivers the benefits promised at beginning of project
- Resource management - organize staff more efficiently
- Risk management - framework for how IT measures, accepts, manages risk
- Performance measurement -
What types of languages are used in relational databases?
- Data definition language - original defining of a database, creating and altering tables within a dB
- Data manipulation language - maintenance and querying
- Data Control language - which users have various privledges
What is a decision support system? DSS
Interactive tools to support decision making. Sometimes called an expert system,
Not designed to process transactions.
What is Public Key Infrastructure? (PKI)
Systems and processes used to issue and manage asymmetric keys and digital certificates.
Asymetric encryption is a public key used to encrypt the message and a private key used to decryt the message on the other side.
What is the role of a Systems Analyst?
Designing systems, preparing specifications for programmers, and serving as intermediary between users and programers.
Integrates the application with existing applications, provides training to end users.
(Think Matt High)
What is an interactive system?
Data is processed as it is input and feedback is provided to the user.
Transaction files are not batched or sorted before processing.
What are the categories of system design?
Data design, process, and user interface.
Ipput and output design may be consider sub elements of user interface design.
What is an echo check?
A CPU compares signals sent and received by the CPU to and from an input or output device.
What is the primary focus of a management information system?
Management Information Systems (MIS) are primarily designed as a management tool that would assist managers in decision making through better availability and presentation of information. This objective is achieved by preparing raw data in a report format that help swift decision-making. MIS is a tool that sees data as a part of a strategic planning process.
To provide reports in predefined formats to facilitate effective decision-making
