B6 Exchange Flashcards
What enzyme is present in the digestion of carbohydrates?
Amylase
Where is amylase produced?
Salivary Glands and Pancreas
What does amylase catalyse?
Hydrolysis of starch (Carb) into maltose (disaccharide)
How is fructose absorbed by the epithelial cells in the ileum?
Facilitated diffusion
What do membrane-bound disaccharides do?
Hydrolyse disaccharides into monosaccharides
Where are lipases produced?
Pancreas
Function of lipase?
Hydrolyses lipids into monoglycerides and fatty acids
What are bile salts?
Produced by the liver and form small lipid droplets called micelles
What is emulsification?
Forming micelles - provides a larger surface area - lipids hydrolysed more quickly
What are endopeptidases?
Catalyse the hydrolysis of bonds within a protein into amino acids
What are some examples of endopeptidases?
Trypsin, pepsin
What are exopeptidases?
Catalyses the hydrolysis of bonds at the end of a protein.
Explain the advantages of lipid droplets and micelle formation
Droplets increase the surface area for lipase, allowing a faster hydrolysis of lipids. Micelles carry fatty acids and glycerol through the membrane.
