B5 Classification systems Flashcards

1
Q

Name the either groups in the classification hierarchy, from largest to smallest

A

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a species?

A

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The binomial name gives the ….

A

Genus name and species name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is phylogenetic classification?

A

Arranging organisms into groups based on their evolutionary relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe why the classification system used in biology is described

as a hierarchy

A

Smaller groups within larger groups
No overlap between groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why do organisms show courtship behaviour?

A

Recognise members of the same species
Synchronise breeding behaviour
Form a pair bond that will lead to successful mating and raising of offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Organisms with similar courtship behaviour are ….

A

More closely related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 6 pieces of evidence that can be used to assess how closely related

two organisms are.

A

Observable characteristics
Base sequence of DNA
Base sequence of mRNA
Amino acid sequence
Courtship behaviour
Immunological comparisons
mRNA comparison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the genus name for Homo sapiens?

A

Homo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the species name for Homo sapiens?

A

sapiens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the three domain groups

A

Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Archaea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many parts does the internationally accepted

scientific species name have?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How are organisms in the prokaryote domain different to eukaryote domain?

A

No true nucleus vs nucleus
DNA in single loop vs linear chromosomes
DNA not associated with histones unlike eukaryotes
No membrane bound organelles
Cell wall made of murein/peptidoglycan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does DNA hybridisation indicate how closely two species are?

A

The higher the temperature required to separate the DNA strands the more closely related the species are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe how to carry our DNA hybridisation

A

For each species separate the DNA strands (using heat)
Allow the DNA from each species to join together (hybrid DNA)
Heat the DNA and record the temperature required to separate the 2 strands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is a higher temperature needed to separate hyriid DNA of two closely related species?

A

DNA base sequence more similar
More hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs
More energy required to break the hydrogen bonds

17
Q

On the phylogentic tree shown on the picture, which organism is most closely related to E. coli

A

Pseudomonas

18
Q

On the phylogentic tree shown on the picture, which organism is most closely related to E. coli

A

Pseudomonas

19
Q

What does point X show on the phylogenetic tree diagram?

A

Common anceser for E.coli, Pseudomonas and Treponema