B4.063 - Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
AHA/ACC recommendations
consume dietary pattern that emphasizes intake of veggies, fruits, whole grains’ low fat dairy products, poultry, fish, legumes, non tropical vegetable oils and nuts; limits intake of sweets, sugar sweetened beverages, red meats
achieve and maintain healthy weight
engage in aerobic activity 2.5 hrs/wk
which diets work best?
Mediterranean, DASH, portfolio
what does the mediterranean diet help with
most evidence in showing a decrease in CVD incidence and death and MI
what did the Lyon diet heart study show
mediterranean diet reduced CVD by 76%
what does the mediterranean diet consist of
4 or > servings of fruit, veggies/day 6 or> servings of whole grain/day 2 or > servings of fish each week 1 serving of yogurt or cheese/day 1 serving of nuts or cooked beans/day Primarily olive oil for added fats monthly consumption of meat
premise of how mediterranean diet works
higher monounsaturated fat compared to saturated
higher intake of fiber
more vitamins
low intake of meat
2013 AHA/ACC guidelines for BP lowering
dietary pattern that emphasizes intake of veggies, fruits and whole grains…etc. lower sodium intake by 1000 mg/d
exercise 3-4 sessions/wk for an average of 40 min/session at moderate to vigorous intensity
what is the DASH diet used for
most evidence in showing decrease in HT, lower LDL
effects of the DASH diet
reduced BP by 11.4/5.5 mmHg in hypertensive versus 3/5/2.1 in normotensives
Reduced LDL by 11mg/dL
what is special about the DASH diet
it doesn’t have to be low salt
what does the DASH diet consist of
4-5 servings of fruit/veggies 7-8 servings of whole grains 2 or less servings of meat, poultry, fish 2-3 servings of low fat dairy 4-5 servings of nuts 2-5 servings of sweets restricted saturated fat, red meat low salt more effective
whats the difference between mediterranean and DASH diet
mediterranean - higher fat, dairy is mostly cultured or cheese products, includes moderate red wine, savor food, quality over quantity, social dining
DASH - lower fat, emphasizes low fat and non dairy. restricts sweets, restricts fried foods
AHA/ACC for LDL lowering
dietary recommendations like always
reduce % of calories from sat fat - 5-6% of cals from sat fat
exercise 3-4 sessions/wk for avg of 40 min/session
what is the portfolio diet for
most evidence showing a favorable response in lipid profiles
LDL cholesterol decreased by 13%
what is the portfolio diet
20g soluble fiber
1 serving nuts
40g soy protein
2g plant-sterol enriched margarine or sterol fortified foods
