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Business Studies > B4 Human Resources > Flashcards

B4 Human Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Why do businesses need a business structure

A

Makes communication easier across the company

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2
Q

Chain of command

A

Flow of information, power and authority through the business

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3
Q

Span of control

A

The number of subordinates a head of a department can delegate to

A head of department may have 6 teachers working for them

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4
Q

Delegation

A

Where a task is given to a subordinate employee in the hiercahy

Managers delegate tasks to employees

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5
Q

Delayering

A

When one or more layers of management are removed from the business

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6
Q

Advantage of delayering

A

Helps improve communication as it will be faster as one less layer to go through

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7
Q

Advantages of hierachical structure

A

Opportunities for promotion as multiple layers

Knowing subordinates means they can delegate the right tasks

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8
Q

Disadvantages of hierachical structure

A

Slow communication as lots of layers

Expensive as more managers and supervisors

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9
Q

Flat structure

A

A company with few or no hiearchical levels between employees

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10
Q

Advantages of flat structure

A

Allows more communication and collaboration between employees

Staff given greater responsibility so more opporunity to use their abilities

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11
Q

Disadvantages of flat structure

A

Can create power struggle if manager is rarely around

Wide span of control means managers have too many staff to manage and may lose touch with them

Demotivation, stress

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12
Q

Centralisation

A

Where a business has its own organisation of management at one central head office

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13
Q

Decentralisation

A

Where a business divides the orgainsation of its business into areas

Business will have separate budgets for each area

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14
Q

Disadvantages of tall structure

A

Communication and decision making slow as more people message has to travel through

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15
Q

Recruitment

A

Process of finding and hiring the best qualified candidate for job opening

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16
Q

Skill gap

A

Difference between skills the business wants and the skills the employees have

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17
Q

Internal recruitment

A

Attracting staff already working in the business to apply for new job

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18
Q

How do internal recruitments attract employees

A

E-mail

Newsletter

Internet

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19
Q

How do external recruitments attract employees

A

Adverts

Newspapers

Recruitment agencies

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20
Q

Job analysis

A

When a business gets information about a job vacancy to make sure the managers of the business know the type of person they need to recruit

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21
Q

What can job analysis be used to identify

A

Job duties

Salary level

Minimum requirements

Interview questions

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22
Q

Person specification

A

This document provides information about the type of person the business wants to hire

23
Q

What does person specification outline

A

Personal qualities

Qualifications

Work experience

Skills

24
Q

Advantages of effective recruitment process

A

High productivity as employees with correct skill set and experience for job more likely to be productive

High quality output

25
Q

Staff retention

A

Ability of a business to keep its employees

26
Q

Advantages of full time work

A

More committed to business so more productivity

Loyalty

27
Q

Disadvantages of full time work

A

Less flexible with working hours no-one to cover late nights and weekends

Challenges in maintaining work-life balance

28
Q

Part-time worker

A

Someone who works fewer hours than a full-time worker

29
Q

Advantages of part time worker

A

Cheaper for business

Flexibility

30
Q

Disadvantages of part time work

A

Employees may not give a business the commitment a full-time worker would

Employee might leave if they find full-time job

31
Q

Zero hours

A

Means employees are “on call” to work when you need them but have no fixed hours of employment

32
Q

Advantages of zero hours

A

Ideal when staff needed at short-term notice

Gives the business flexibility to meet increases in demand without having to pay staff when they are not needed

33
Q

Disadvantages of zero hours

A

Might not be loyal to business

May leave to find more permanent work

34
Q

Advantages of job share

A

Cost saving

Flexibility

35
Q

Disadvantages of job share

A

2 employees may not get along

Higher training costs

36
Q

Motivation

A

When people are more encouraged to work or do something if motivated

37
Q

How does commission increase motivation

A

Employees recieve reward for every sale they make

38
Q

How does profit sharing increase motivation

A

Paying employees based on how much profit busniess makes

39
Q

Fringe benefits

A

Things in addition to their salary (company car, gym membership)

40
Q

Autocratic

A

1 person telling everyone what to do

41
Q

Democratic

A

Democratic managers offer guidance to more employees and allow other members to have a say

42
Q

Paternalistic

A

Managers listen to what employees say but managers make final decision

43
Q

Laissez faire

A

When employees freely carry out activities and make decisions

44
Q

Disadvantages to laissez faire

A

Lack of supervision may lead to poor productivity and lack of motivation

45
Q

Induction training

A

Training an employee recieves when they start a new job

46
Q

Advantages of induction trainining

A

Cheap

Increases employee retention

47
Q

Disadvantages of induction training

A

Takes time so reduces output

Costly

48
Q

On-the-job training

A

Being coached or mentored while doing the job

49
Q

Advantages of on-the-job training

A

Flexibility

Cheap

50
Q

Off-the-job training

A

Training that happens outside place of work

51
Q

Advantages of off-the-job training

A

More focused as less distractions

Decreases employee turnover

52
Q

Disadvantages of off-the-job training

A

More expensive than on-the-job training

Employees may fail to see link between training and workplace

53
Q

What is on-the-job and off-the-job training best for

A

On-the-job - zoo

Off-the-job - security patrols

54
Q

Disadvantages of on-the-job training

A

Expensive

Time consuming

Business Studies (5 decks)

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