B3c Flashcards
What is the energy provided in respiration needed for?
All life processes in plants and in animals.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
What are examples of life processes that require energy from respiration?
Muscle contraction, protein synthesis and control of body temperature in mammals.
What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is the formula for respiratory quotient?
RQ = carbon dioxide produced/ oxygen used
What does respiration result in the production of?
ATP which is used as the energy source for many processes in cells.
How can the rate of oxygen consumption be used as an estimate of metabolic rate?
When respiration rate increases, both oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production increase. This means that the rate of oxygen consumption can be used to estimate metabolic rate.
Why is the rate of respiration influenced by changes in temperature and pH?
Respiration is controlled by enzymes.
Why do breathing and pulse rate increase during exercise?
Your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration.
Why does anaerobic respiration take place during hard exercise in addition to aerobic respiration?
Your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration. You’re muscles have to start respiring aerobically as well.
What does anaerobic respiration produce?
Lactic acid which accumulates in muscles causing pain and fatigue.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose = lactic acid
What does anaerobic energy release much less of compared to aerobic respiration?
Much less energy per glucose molecule.
What is fatigue in terms of lactic acid build up and how is this removed during recovery?
Hard exercise causes lack of oxygen in cells. In anaerobic respiration, the glucose is only partially broken down, and lactic acid is also produced. The lactic acid builds up in the muscles, which gets painful and makes your muscles fatigued. After resorting to anaerobic respiration, when you stop exercising you’ll have an oxygen debt. You need extra oxygen to break down all the lactic acid that’s built up in your muscles and to allow aerobic respiration to begin again. This means you have to keep breathing hard for a while after you stop exercising - to repay the debt. The lactic acid has to be carried to the liver to be broken down, so your heart rate has to stay high too.
What does respiratory quotient tell you?
Whether someone is respiring aerobically or anaerobically.
Aerobic respiration between 0.7 and 1.0.
Anaerobic respiration over 1.0 - person is short of oxygen
