B3.2 The blood system

Question 1

What transports substances around the body?

Answer 1

The circulatory system

Question 2

What is the heart?

Answer 2

An organ

Question 3

What does the heart do?

Answer 3

Pump blood around the body

Question 4

What is much of the wall of the heart made from?

Answer 4

Muscle tissue

Question 5

How many chambers are there in the heart?

Answer 5

Four

Question 6

What are the names of the four chambers?

Answer 6

The left and right atria and the left and right ventricles

Question 7

What does the blood enter?

Answer 7

The atria

Question 8

What does the atria do?

Answer 8

Contract and force blood into the ventricles

Question 9

What do the ventricles do?

Answer 9

Contact and force blood out of the heart

Question 10

What do the valves in the heart ensure?

Answer 10

The blood flows in the correct direction

Question 11

What does blood flow from the heart and to the organs through?

Answer 11

The arteries

Question 12

Arteries =

Answer 12

Away

Question 13

What does the blood return to the heart through?

Answer 13

The veins

Question 14

What are the two different circulation systems for?

Answer 14

The lungs and one for all the other organs of the body

Question 15

What blood vessels are associated with the heart?

Answer 15

Aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery and the pulmonary vein

Question 16

What do arteries have?

Answer 16

Thick walls containing muscle and elastic fibres

Question 17

What do veins have?

Answer 17

Thinner walls and often valves to prevent back-flow of blood

Question 18

When are stents used and what for?

Answer 18

If arteries begin to narrow and restrict blood flow, stents are used to keep them open

Question 19

In the organs what does blood flow through?

Answer 19

Capillaries

Question 20

What are capillaries?

Answer 20

Thin-walled blood vessels

Question 21

What passes through the capillaries?

Answer 21

Substances needed by the body cells in body tissues pass out of the blood and substances produced in the cells pass into the blood

Question 22

What is blood?

Answer 22

A tissue

Question 23

What does blood consist of?

Answer 23

A fluid called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are suspended

Question 24

What does blood plasma transport?

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide from the organs to the lungs, Soluble products from digestion from the small intestine and other organs, urea from the liver to the kidneys

Question 25

What do red blood cells transport?

Answer 25

Oxygen from the lungs to the organs

Question 26

What do red blood cells not have?

Answer 26

A nucleus

Question 27

What are red blood cells packed with?

Answer 27

Haemoglobin

Question 28

What does haemoglobin combine with oxygen in the lungs to produce?

Answer 28

Oxyhaemoglobin

Question 29

Where is oxyhaemoglobin split up?

Answer 29

In other organs back into oxygen and haemoglobin

Question 30

Do white blood cells have a nucleus?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

What do white blood cells form?

Answer 31

Part of the body’s defence system against microorganisms

Question 32

What are platelets?

Answer 32

Small fragments of cells

Question 33

Do platelets have a nucleus?

Answer 33

No

Question 34

What platelets help to do?

Answer 34

Clot blood at the site of a wound

Question 35

What does the xylem tissue transport system in plants do?

Answer 35

Transport water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem and leaves

Question 36

What is the transpiration stream?

Answer 36

The movement of water from the roots through the xylem and out of the leaves

Question 37

What does the phloem tissue carry?

Answer 37

Dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant, including the growing region and the storage organs