B3.1 - Cells & Microbes Flashcards

(Keywords)

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1
Q

What are the different parts of a plant cell?

A

Cytoplasm, Chloroplast, Nucleus, Mitochondria, Permanent vacuole, Rigid cell wall, Cell membrane

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2
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The gel-like substance where most chemical reactions take place

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3
Q

Where is cytoplasm found? (typical plant cell)

A

The small dots/space inside the cell wall, usually found with chloroplast

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4
Q

Chloroplast (typical plant cell)

A

An organelle within the cells of plants that help with photosynthesis

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5
Q

Mitochondria

A

Membrane-bound organelles that make most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions

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6
Q

Where is mitochondria found?

A

It’s found along with the cytoplasm. It is a small cell

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7
Q

Nucleus

A

organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes - the repository of genetic information and as the cell’s control center.

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8
Q

Where is the nucleus found?

A

It’s found within the rigid cell wall. It is typically larger than the other bits in the cytoplasm (such as chloroplast etc.)

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9
Q

Where is chloroplast found? (typical plant cell)

A

It’s usually found within the cytoplasm as a small loop, quite similar looking to mitochondria

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10
Q

Permanent vacuole (typical plant cell)

A

A fluid-filled sack that stores water

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11
Q

Where is the permanent vacuole found? (typical plant cell)

A

The permanent vacuole is usually seen as a blank space at the centre of the plant cell

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12
Q

Rigid cell wall (typical plant cell)

A

The wall that keeps every previously listed part of the cell in one place. It provides the cell with structural support, shape and protection

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13
Q

Where is the (rigid) cell wall found? (typical plant cell)

A

The cell wall is found around the outside of the cytoplasm. It’s quite obvious which one’s the cell wall when looking at a diagram

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14
Q

Cell membrane

A

The cell membrane provides protection for the cell (controls substances entering & leaving the cell)

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15
Q

Where is the cell membrane found?

A

The cell membrane is found next to the cell wall. It sort of looks like a second cell wall

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16
Q

List 2 things that you SHOULD do to keep yourself safe when doing an experiment

A

Possible answers (tell me if I’m missing any): Sterilise all apparatus before use, Tie your hair up (if possible), Wear gloves

17
Q

List 2 things you should NOT do when doing an experiment

A

Possible answers (tell me if I’m missing any): Eat or drink during the experiment, Grow microbes that are known to be harmful, Mix different microbes on the same plate

18
Q

What do we all do?

A

Eat, reproduce, breath/respirate, move, take in nutrition

19
Q

What is MRS GREN?

A

MRS GREN is a list of things all living things must do to survive

20
Q

M (Mrs Gren)

A

MOVEMENT - moving towards food or running away from predators

21
Q

R (Mrs Gren)

A

RESPIRATION - (breathing) releasing energy from food stored chemicals

22
Q

S (Mrs Gren)

A

SENSITIVITY - being able to detect your surroundings

23
Q

G (Mrs Gren)

A

GROWTH - our bodies develop over time (usually getting bigger)

24
Q

The second “R” (Mrs Gren)

A

REPRODUCTION - The ability to make offspring (make children/have sex)

25
Q

E (Mrs Gren)

A

EXCRETION - (getting rid of waste) getting rid of carbon dioxide & others (e.g sweating)

26
Q

N (Mrs Gren)

A

NUTRITION - feeding on food to gain energy

27
Q

What is a cell?

A

A cell is a thing that all living organisms need to survive

28
Q

Can cells be irregular?

A

Yes (different shapes, features etc.)

29
Q

What is a microbe?

A

A microscopic sized organism that can cause illnesses or help us grow stronger

30
Q

Fungi

A

An organism that contains yeasts and/or moulds (e.g mushrooms)

31
Q

Protozoa

A

A “single-celled animal” that feeds on other microorganisms

32
Q

Bacteria

A

Single celled organisms that are much smaller and simpler than other cells (nuclear membrane and have DNA in the cytoplasm)

33
Q

Viruses

A

An infectious agent (e.g COVID-19)

34
Q

Superbug

A

A strain of a microorganism that has become resistant to treatment