B3 Viruses Vaccines Etc Flashcards
Symptoms of Tmv
Mottled pattern
Problems tmv causes to the plant
Causes plant to attack leaves
Pathogen. Caused by malaria
Protists
How is malaria spread
Through mosquitoes
How can the spread of malaria be controlled
Get mosquito nets over bed or window
How can the spread of diseases be reduced or prevented
Staying hygienic
Keeping away from people with communicable diseases
Pathogen caused by salmonella
Bacteria
Symptoms of salmonella
Vomiting
Stomach ache
How is salmonella spread
By eating raw and contaminated food
Describe how the following non-specific defences help to prevent the entry of pathogens Skin Nose Trachea Stomach 
Skin acts as a physical barrier
Nose hairs block dust from going up nose and into your body
Trachea has cilia which traps dust mucas and pathogens
Stomach has hydrochloride acid which kills pathogens
What is an antibiotic used for
Used to get rid of any bacteria in the body
What can antibiotics not kill
Protozoa
 fungi 
What is the role of painkiller
It helps to numb the pain
Pathogen causes by measles
Virus
Symptoms of measles
Sneezing
Coughing
Runny nose
How can measles spread 
Through the air and coughing and sneezing
What pathogen is caused by gonorrhoea
Bacteria
Symptoms of gonorrhoea
Thick green /yellow discharge from penis or vagina
How is gonorrhoea spread
Sex
Contraception
How can you prevent gonorrhoea from spreading
Use protection
Stage one of phagocytosis
Lymphocyte detects the pathogen
Stage two of phagocytosis
Produces antibodies to fit in the antigens
Stage three of phagocytosis
The antibody fits onto the antigen
Stage four of phagocytosis
Phagocyte engulfs a pathogen
Where do you heart drug Digitalis come from 
Foxgloves
Where does the painkiller aspirin come from
Willow tree
Where does penicillin antibiotic come from
Alexander Fleming made it out of penicillin mould
Pathogen caused by Rose black spot
fungi
Symptoms of Rose black spot
Can’t photosynthesise
How is Rose black spot spread
Waterborne
Wind
How can rose black spot be treated
Fungicide spray
What do antibodies do
They join onto antigens and help destroy pathogens 
What do antitoxins do
They gets rid of toxins created by the bacteria
Define toxicity
How to toxic something is
Define efficacy
How well it works
Define dose
How much you give
Define the term pathogen
A bacterium or microorganism that can cause a virus
How is HIV transmitted
Through sex and sharing the same syringes
What is herd immunity
A form of indirect protection from a communicable disease
What is placebo
This is a fake drug which is made to stop bias so they can get an accurate view on what the drug will do to the body
What is double blind trials
A double blind trial is when both the person getting the vaccine and giving the vaccine don’t know weather it is the real thing or placebo
