B3 Infection And Response Flashcards
What is a pathogen
Microorganisms that enter the body and cause disease
Pathogens cause
Communicable diseases
How can pathogens be spread
Water - by drinking or bathing in dirty water
Air- can be carried in air and can be breathed in.Can also be carried through droplets
Direct contact - be picked up by touching surfaces they’re on
What are bacterias
Very small living cells
2 examples of bacterial diseases
Salmonella and gonorrhoea
How does your skin a good defense system
Stops pathogens getting inisde you.
How is your nose hair a good defense system
Trap particles that could contain pathogens
How is mucus a good defense system
Airways release mucus to trap pathogens
How is stomach acid a good defense system
Makes hydrocholric acid.Kills pathogens in the stomach
Phagocytosis
White blood cells can engulf pathogens and digest them
Pros of vaccination
Helped to control lots of communicable diseases
Cons of vaccinations
Don’t always work
Bad reaction to a vaccine
Antibiotics kill
Bacteria
First antibiotic
Penicillin
How can pathogens be spread - air
Pathogens can be carried in the air and can be breathed in.Some pathigens are carried in the air by droplets made when you couh or sneeze
Pathogens can be spread by air
Pathigens can be farried through the air and can be breathed in.Some pathogens can be carried in the air in droplets made when you cough or sneeze
Pathogens can be spread by direct contact
Some pathogens can be picked up by touching surfaces they ‘re on
Spread of disease can be reduced or prevented by being hygienic
Washing your hands before making food can stop you spreading pathogens onto the food and infecting a person who eats it.
Infected people of salmonella can suffer from
Fever, stomach crampa, vomiting and diarrhoea
Spread of disease can be reduced by destroying vectors
Vectors are organisms that spread diseases Killing them helps to stop diseases from being passed on
Spread of disease can be reduced or prevented - isolating infected individuals
If you keep someone who has a communicable diseases away from people.Prevents them from passing on the disease
Bacteria eproduce
Rapidly inside your body
Pros of vaccinations
Have helped control lots of communicable diseases
Epidemics can be prevented if lots of people are vaccinated
Cons of vaccinations
Vaccines son’t always work - sometimes they don’t give you immunity
Sometimes have a bad reaction to a vaccine
Measles is a viral disease .Spread by droplets .Symptoms
Rash and a fever
