B3 Human Nutrition

Question 1

Scurvy might be caused by a diet low in…

Answer 1

Vitamin C

In the olden days, sailors denied fresh fruit could get scurvy. It caused bleeding gums and death!

Question 2

Which of these foods is rich in the mineral calcium? Pork, lemon, olive oil or milk?

Answer 2

Milk

All dairy products contain lots of calcium.

Question 3

During digestion starch is broken down into…

Answer 3

Glucose (a type of sugar)

Question 4

A diet containing of lots of sugar and fat is most likely to cause…

Answer 4

Obesity

Being obese means you are seriously overweight.

Question 5

How might your body be affected if you ate a diet low in calcium?

Answer 5

Weak bones and teeth.

Question 6

Constipation can be avoided by eating a diet with plenty of…

Answer 6

Fibre

Being constipated means you can’t poo_

Question 7

In the small intestine food is __________ and soluble products are __________ into the blood. After passing through the large intestine, unwanted products are __________ .

Answer 7

Digested (or broken down)
Absorbed (or passed, diffused)
Egested (NOT excreted)

Question 8

When testing a food for starch we use…

Answer 8

Iodine solution

Question 9

In the human body carbohydrates are used for…

Answer 9

Instant energy

Question 10

Food which the body cannot digest is…

Answer 10

Egested

After Digestion comes Egestion! It’s not excretion because poo is not actually made in the body - it’s just food you couldn’t digest.

Question 11

Chemicals produced by the body which help digestion take place are called…

Answer 11

Enzymes

They break insoluble food into soluble food, so that the body can absorb it.

Question 12

Which of these foods contains a lot of vitamin C? Steak, ice cream, orange or pasta?

Answer 12

Orange

Citrus fruits all contain lots of Vitamin C.

Question 13

Digestion begins in the mouth thanks to an enzyme called amylase present in…

Answer 13

Saliva

Amylase breaks down starch into sugars.

Question 14

During respiration the food nutrient most likely to be used up is…

Answer 14

Carbohydrate (such as starch or sugar)

If your body has to respire protein (from your muscles) you are seriously malnourished.

Question 15

In the human body fats can be used for…

Answer 15

Insulation

Insulation keeps the body warm in cold conditions.

Question 16

In the human body proteins can be used for…

Answer 16

Muscle growth

If you eat enough protein and you exercise, muscles get bigger.

Question 17

Why should the diet of a human contain fibre?

Answer 17

To avoid constipation.

Being constipated means you can’t poo.

Question 18

Which of these foods contains a lot of carbohydrates? Potato, bacon, fish or butter?

Answer 18

Potato

They are full of starch.

Question 19

Which of these foods contains a lot of protein? Rice, apple, fish or cream?

Answer 19

Fish

Question 20

Why should adults be careful how much animal fats they eat?

Answer 20

Certain animal fats can build up in the arteries which supply the heart. Too much can lead to heart disease or heart attacks.

Question 21

How might your body be affected if you ate a diet low in vitamin C?

Answer 21

You could get scurvy. It causes bleeding gums, poor skin and, eventually, death.

Question 22

Fibre is a type of carbohydrate. Name two others.

Answer 22

Starch and sugar.

Fibre is a special carbohydrate because humans can’t digest it.

Question 23

Children growing healthy bones need food containing…

Answer 23

Calcium

Question 24

Which of these foods is rich in the mineral calcium? Cheese, pork, grapefruit or vegetable oil?

Answer 24

Cheese

All dairy products contain lots of calcium.

Question 25

Which of these foods contains a lot of fat? Bread, banana, chicken or butter?

Answer 25

Butter

Question 26

A diet low in carbohydrates and fat is most likely to cause…

Answer 26

Malnourishment

If you are malnourished you are likely to be underweight.

Question 27

Name two type of teeth in humans and explain what job each is best suited to.

Answer 27

Incisors: cutting food
Canines: gripping and tearing food
Molars and pre-molars: grinding food

Question 28

Suggest three things you could do to reduce the risk of tooth decay.

Answer 28

Brush your teeth for two minutes twice a day.
Use a toothpaste containing fluoride.
Eat fewer sugary foods.
Avoid snacking between meals.

Question 29

How would you prove that a certain type of food contained starch?

Answer 29

Use iodine solution. It starts yellowy red and goes blue or black when starch is present.

Question 30

Which of these is a carbohydrate? Glucose, olive oil, vitamin C or water?

Answer 30

Glucose

Sugar is made from glucose.

Question 31

A type of tooth best suited to gripping and tearing food is…

Answer 31

Canine

Question 32

In the human body proteins can be used for…

Answer 32

Repairing the body

Damaged muscles are repaired and strengthened by protein from your diet.

Question 33

Beef steak is a good source of…

Answer 33

Protein

Question 34

Which of these is a carbohydrate? Potato, starch, pasta or bread?

Answer 34

Starch

The others are foods (which all happen to be rich in carbohydrates).

Question 35

Which of these is a carbohydrate? Cola, rice, glucose or porridge?

Answer 35

Glucose

The others are foods/drinks (which all happen to be rich in carbohydrates).