B3 Biological molecules Flashcards
List the chemical elements that make up: carbohydrates
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
List the chemical elements that make up: lipids
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
List the chemical elements that make up: Proteins
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, Nitrogen, sometimes sulfur
State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: starch and glycogen
glucose
State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: proteins
amino acids
State that large molecules are made from smaller molecules, limited to: fats and oils
fatty acids and glycerol
describe the use of iodine solution for the test
add 3 drops of iodine solution to each corresponding food paste. A blue black color shows if starch is present
describe the use of benedicts solution for the test
Add about 15 drops of benedicts solution too each corresponding food paste.put the test tubes in hot water at about 40-50 degrees celsius for five minutes. A red orange color shows that glucose or another reducing sugar is present
Biurret test
Add about 20 drops of sodium hydroxide solution to each tube with corresponding food pastes. Gently swirl. Add 10 drops of copper sulfate solution to each tube. A purple color indicates that protein is present
Ethanol emulsion test for fats and acid
Add 2 cm^3 of ethanol to each tube with corresponding food paste. Shake vigorously. Pour the liquid from the top of the mixture into a test-tube half filled with water. A milky white emulsion forms if the food contains lipid.
State that water is important as a solvent
Water is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid
What is the Benedicts solution used for
reducing sugars
What is the Biurret test used for
proteins
What is the Ethanol emulsion test for
lipids (fatty acids)
What is the Iodine test for
Starch
