B3 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the immune system?
To protect the body against pathogens.
True or False: Bacteria are always harmful to humans.
False.
Fill in the blank: Vaccines help to develop __________ immunity.
active.
What type of pathogen causes diseases like influenza and the common cold?
Viruses.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of transmission for infectious diseases? A) Airborne B) Direct contact C) Photosynthesis
C) Photosynthesis.
What is an antigen?
A substance that induces an immune response.
True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.
False.
What are the two main types of immune responses?
Humoral and cell-mediated.
Fill in the blank: __________ are white blood cells that produce antibodies.
B lymphocytes.
What role do macrophages play in the immune system?
They engulf and digest pathogens.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a vector for disease transmission? A) Mosquito B) Sunlight C) Water
A) Mosquito.
What is herd immunity?
When a large percentage of a population becomes immune to a disease, providing indirect protection to those who are not immune.
True or False: The skin is part of the immune system.
True.
What is the purpose of a vaccine?
To stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens.
Fill in the blank: __________ are proteins produced by the immune system that specifically target antigens.
Antibodies.
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity is developed through exposure to pathogens; passive immunity is acquired through antibodies from another source.
True or False: All vaccines provide lifelong immunity.
False.
What is an autoimmune disease?
A condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells.
Multiple choice: Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) Tuberculosis B) Measles C) Cholera
B) Measles.
What does the term ‘pathogen’ refer to?
An organism that causes disease.
Fill in the blank: __________ are organisms that live on or in a host and benefit at the host’s expense.
Parasites.
What is the function of T lymphocytes in the immune response?
To kill infected host cells and help activate other immune cells.
True or False: Vaccination can lead to herd immunity.
True.
What are pathogens that can cause foodborne illnesses called?
Food pathogens.
Multiple choice: Which immune cell is primarily involved in the response to viruses? A) Neutrophils B) B cells C) T cells
C) T cells.
What is the role of interferons?
They are proteins that help protect cells from viral infections.
