B3

Question 1

fertilization step 1

Answer 1

Sperm cells release enzymes from acrosome cap to digest the egg’s outer coating.

Question 2

Fertilization step 2

Answer 2

Sperm move closer through the coating to the plasma membrane.

Question 3

Fertilization step 3

Answer 3

Egg’s plasma membrane depolarizes after one sperm enters, blocking others.

Question 4

Fertilization step 4

Answer 4

Sperm and egg nuclei fuse, forming a zygote with 46 chromosomes.

Question 5

vitro fertilization

Answer 5

FESFI

Question 6

contraceptions

Answer 6

E & P inhibit FSH & Lh = no ovulation
- Thick cervical mucus

Question 7

-tubal ligation

Answer 7

prevents egg from moving from ovaries to uterus = no fertilization

Question 8

Vasectomy

Answer 8

Vas deferens cut

Question 9

cleavage

Answer 9

division without cell increasing

Question 10

3 division stages

Answer 10

zygote - morula - blastocyst

Question 11

morula

Answer 11

when zygote reaches 16 cells ( day3)

Question 12

bastocyst

Answer 12

morula reaches uterus ( day 5)

Question 13

trophoblast

Answer 13

extraembryonic structure

Question 14

embryoblast

Answer 14

develops into embryo

Question 15

order of being pregnant

Answer 15

F.I.P

Question 16

implantation

Answer 16

5-7 days after fertilization
-blastocyst attaches to endometrium and secretes enzyme
- implantation completed by day 10-14

Question 17

Trophoblast secretes

Answer 17

HcG

Question 18

HGC

Answer 18

same affects as LH
-maintains corpus luteum
- so E & P stay high

Question 19

what does HCG prevent

Answer 19

menstruation

Question 20

how long is HGC secreted for

Answer 20

3 months, then placenta secretes E & P

Question 21

when does trophoblast become embryonic structure

Answer 21

2nd week

Question 22

amnion

Answer 22

insulates, hydrates, protects

Question 23

yolk sac

Answer 23

early red blood & digestive tract formation

Question 24

chorion

Answer 24

secretes HCG
- controls passage of nutrients, gases & waste

Question 25

allantois

Answer 25

forms foundation of umbilical cord

Question 26

placenta

Answer 26

metabolic exchange between baby and mothers blood

Question 27

what does placenta produce

Answer 27

E & P by the third month

Question 28

hormone levels in pregnancy

Answer 28

1.high, norm, norm 2. low, norm norm 3.low, high high

Question 29

morphogenesis

Answer 29

embryo development

Question 30

differentiation

Answer 30

cells begin to take shape and grow

Question 31

gastrulation

Answer 31

inner mass of cells forming layers

Question 32

what is embryo called in 2nd week

Answer 32

gastrula

Question 33

endoderm

Answer 33

lining of digestive system, organs, resp and endo glands

Question 34

mesoderm

Answer 34

muscles, skeleton, reproductive

Question 35

ectoderm

Answer 35

nervous system, epidermis (skin)

Question 36

what is developed during first trimester

Answer 36

heart,brain, limbs, SC, handds and feet, (not functional yet)

Question 37

what is developed during second trimester

Answer 37

NS connections, more development and growth of everything

Question 38

what is developed during third trimester

Answer 38

rapids growth, organ maturation, immune system

Question 39

relaxin

Answer 39

causes ligaments to loosen cervix

Question 40

oxytocin

Answer 40

from PP, contractions and pos feedback

Question 41

what is released during labour

Answer 41

prostaglandings and low progesterone

Question 42

lactation

Answer 42

breast milk, high E & P prepares for lactation

Question 43

prolactin

Answer 43

ANt pit, stimulates mammary glands to produce stops FSH & Lh

Question 44

colostrum

Answer 44

after birth lots of benefits