B2: Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of a drug?

A

A chemical that affects the normal chemical reactions in the body or the nervous system.

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2
Q

The two categories of drug are…

A
  1. Medicinal drugs (medicines)

2. Recreational drugs

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3
Q

What are antibiotics taken for?

A

To treat bacterial infections.

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4
Q

What is a prescribed drug?

A

A drug that is given with permission by a doctor.

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5
Q

Name 3 illegal recreational drugs.

A

Heroin
Cannabis
Cocaine

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6
Q

Name 2 common legal recreational drugs

A

Alcohol

Nicotine (cigarettes)

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7
Q

What do we mean by addiction?

A

When a person becomes dependent on a drug

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8
Q

If an addict stops taking a drug they may suffer unpleasant symptoms called…

A

withdrawal symptoms

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9
Q

Why are some recreational drugs illegal?

A

They can be harmful to health.

They are not prescribed by a doctor.

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10
Q

What is the drug in alcoholic drinks?

A

Ethanol

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11
Q

What do we call a drug that slows down the nervous system?

A

A depressant

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12
Q

Which contains more alcohol? Spirits such as vodka or Beer?

A

Spirits

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13
Q

What impact does alcohol have on health?

A

Stomach ulcersHeart diseaseBrain damageLiver damage (cirrhosis)

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14
Q

Why does drinking alcohol lead to liver damage?

A

The liver removes alcohol form the body.The more it breaks down the more damaged it becomes.

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15
Q

Why should pregnant women not drink alcohol?

A

Drinking alcohol increases risk of:- low birth weight- miscarriage- stillbirth- Fetal alcohol syndrome

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16
Q

Which health problems are associated with smoking?

A
  • Cancer- Breathing problems- Heart attacks- Strokes- Bronchitis (chest infections)- Emphysema (lung damage)
17
Q

Passive smoking (breathing in other peoples smoke) can increase the risk of…

A
  • breathing problems.- blood circulation problems.
18
Q

What can smoking when pregnant cause?

A
  • Miscarriage- Low birth weight
19
Q

What are the 3 main chemicals found in cigarette smoke?

A
  • Tar- Nicotine- Carbon monoxide
20
Q

What is the effect of nicotine on the body?

A

Speeds up the nervous system, increases heart rate and narrows blood vessels.

21
Q

A drug that speeds up the nervous system is called a…

A

Stimulant

22
Q

What is carbon monoxide?

A
  • a toxic gas found in cigarette smoke.- stops red blood cells carrying as much oxygen as they should.
23
Q

How does smoking cause heart disease?

A
  • Causes arteries to become blocked.- This prevents blood flow - leading to heart attack or stroke.
24
Q

How does smoking cause lung (respiratory) infections?

A
  1. Cilia are damaged/harmed/killed by tar.2. Dust/smoke particles/mucus build up in lungs.3. Bacteria can get into alveoli.4. They reproduce and infect the lung.
25
Q

Explain how ciliated cells keep the lungs clear from dust and mucus.

A
  1. Ciliated cells have small hairs2. They waft mucus up the trachea.3. Dust gets caught in the mucus.4. The dust and mucus is transferred up and swallowed.