B15-Ecology Flashcards
Habitat
The part of an ecosystem where an organism lives.
Species
This is a group of organisms that can breed together to produce fertile offsprings
Community
This is the organisms of the same species that share a particular habitat
Population
This is made up of all the organisms that share a particular habitat
Competition
A word that describes the fact that organisms often need the same resources
Interdependent
A word that describes how organisms rely on and impact upon each other
Biotic factors
Other living things that can affect a particular population. E.g. a new pathogen or parasite
Abiotic factors
Non-living things that can affect a particular population. E.g. light-intensity
Give three examples of biotic factors
- Plants
- Fungi
- Bacteria
Give three examples of abiotic factors
- Temperature
- Air current
- Water
What resources do animals compete of?
- Food
- Territory
- Mates
What do plants compete for?
- Light for photosynthesis, to make food
- Water for the photosynthesis and for keeping their tissues rigid and supported
- Nutrients (minerals) from the soil, to make all the chemicals they need in their cells.
- Space to grow, allowing their roots to take in water and nutrients and their leaves to capture light.
What is an extremophile?
These are organisms that are adapted to live and reproduce in extreme environments, invloving: temperature, PH and Salinity (salt content)
What is a structural adaptation?
Features related to physical structures- shape, colour, etc
What is a behavioural adaptation?
Features related to short or long-term behaviours-migration, basking, tool use etc
