Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Y9 > B1.3 > Flashcards

B1.3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Metabolic rate?

A

The speed at which chemical reactions transfer energy from its chemical stores in food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Higher the metabolic rate…

A

The more food you need to eat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do carbs do?

A

Provide energy to move and stay alive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do proteins do?

A

Allow Growth and repair of body tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do lipids do?

A

They are a good store of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

Biological polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What enzyme breaks down carbs?

A

Carbohydrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are carbohydrates made from

A

-Carbon,hydrogen and oxygen
- they are lots of sugar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a protein?

A

A polymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many amino acids is needed to make a protein?

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are proteins made from

A

An amino acid chain ordered specifically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What enzyme breaks down protein?

A

Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are lipids?

A

Lipids are the fats and oils we eat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are lipids synthesised from?

A

3 fatty acids and a glycerol molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What enzyme breaks down lipids?

A

Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What enzyme breaks down starch?

A

Amylase

17
Q

What is cellular respiration?

A
  • an EXOTHERMIC reaction
  • a continually occurring and universal process
18
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

Aerobic respiration is a process that occurs in the presence of oxygen and involves the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, with the release of energy that is used to produce ATP.

19
Q

Formula for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+ATP)

20
Q

Where do you get the oxygen needed?

A

From the air you breathe

21
Q

What is ATP?

A
  • ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the energy-carrying molecule used in cells because it can release energy very quickly.
  • energy store
22
Q

What happens In aerobic respiration? (With atp)

A

The reaction transfers energy from its energy store in glucose to another energy store which is ATP

23
Q

How is ATP used?

A
  • for movement - animals use it to contract muscle cells enabling the organism to move
  • to stay warm - when an animal’s surroundings are colder than they are, they increase their rate of respiration. This transfers more energy by heating
  • To synthesise larger molecules from smaller ones to make new cell material.
24
Q

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

A

In the mitochondria

25
Q

What kind of reaction is aerobic respiration?

A

An enzyme-controlled reaction

26
Q

Is aerobic respiration endothermic or exothermic?

A

Exothermic

27
Q

Why is aerobic respiration Exothermic?

A

Because it transfers energy to the surroundings by heating

28
Q

How do you respire without oxygen?

A

Your body starts to transfer energy from its chemical store in glucose by anaerobic respiration. This series of chemical reactions does not need oxygen. It allows the body to transfer extra energy for short periods of time.

29
Q

When does anaerobic respiration normally take place?

A

During strenuous exercise
- IT IS LIMITED

30
Q

Formula for anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose -> lactic acid

31
Q

How does the energy released from anaerobic respiration compare to aerobic respiration?

A

Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly.

32
Q

Is lactic acid good for you?

A

No it is poisonous and causes cramp and fatigue when it builds up

33
Q

What is oxygen debt?

A

After exercise you breathe heavily - it is the extra oxygen you inhale needed to break the lactic acid down

34
Q

What kind of respiration produces more atp?

A

Aerobic reposration

35
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respitation in plants and microorganisms?

A

Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

36
Q

What is anaerobic respiration in plants and micro organisms called?

A

Fermentation

37
Q

Products of fermentation?

A
  • ethanol
  • carbon dioxide
38
Q

What does this reaction do?

A

Transfers energy from its store in glucose

Biology Y9 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions