B1.3

Question 1

what are carbohydrates needed for?

Answer 1

energy

Question 2

what are proteins needed fro?

Answer 2

growth and repair

Question 3

what are lipids needed for?

Answer 3

insulation and energy

Question 4

metabollic rate

Answer 4

the speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body

Question 5

synthesis

Answer 5

build something up

Question 6

hydrolisis

Answer 6

break something apart

Question 7

what does limewater test for?

Answer 7

the presence of CO2

Question 8

where does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 8

in the mitochondria

Question 9

what kind of reaction is respiring?

Answer 9

chemical and exothermic reaction

Question 10

anaerobic respiration

Answer 10

the process of transferring energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen

Question 11

what influences your metabolic rate?

Answer 11

-age
-gender
-exercise
-inherited factors

Question 12

lipids

Answer 12

fats and oils, large molecules made from small units of fatty acids and glycerol

Question 13

carbohydrates

Answer 13

made from simple sugars

Question 14

name some monosaccharides

Answer 14

glucose and fructose

Question 15

name a disaccharide

Answer 15

sucrose

Question 16

name some polysaccharides

Answer 16

starch and glycogen

Question 17

proteins

Answer 17

made from amino acids

Question 18

what is energy used for in the body?

Answer 18

-synthesis of polymers
-movement
-to stay warm

Question 19

aerobic respiration symbol equation

Answer 19

C6H1206 + 602 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Question 20

what is the energy from respiration used for?

Answer 20

-active transport of substances in and out of cells
-DNA replication
-muscle contractions

Question 21

what types of anaerobic respiration are there?

Answer 21

-respiration in humans
-fermentation in yeast cells

Question 22

how does anaerobic respiration work?

Answer 22

-during strenuous exercise your heart rate cannot increase fast enough to meet the oxygen demand for the cells
-the body transfers energy from glucose by anaerobic respiration without oxygen

Question 23

symbol equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 23

C6H12O6 –> C3H6O3 + ATP

Question 24

lactic acid

Answer 24

-toxic to cells
-oxygen reacts with lactic acid and breaks it down
-heavy breathing allows you to inhale extra oxygen
-the oxygen needed for this is called the oxygen debt

Question 25

what does anaerobic respiration in plants produce?

Answer 25

ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 26

chemical test for starch

Answer 26

iodine solution

Question 27

what colour does iodine turn if starch is present?

Answer 27

brown / black

Question 28

chemical test for protein

Answer 28

biurets solution

Question 29

what colour does biurets solution turn if proteins are present?

Answer 29

violet

Question 30

chemical test for reducing sugars

Answer 30

benedicts solution–> must heat in water bath for two minutes

Question 31

what colour does benedicts solution turn if reducing sugars are present?

Answer 31

brown / orange

Question 32

chemical test for lipids

Answer 32

-ethanol
-pour the mixture into another test tube containing water and shake vigorously

Question 33

what colour does ethanol turn if lipids are present?

Answer 33

cloudy