B1.2- What happens in cells?

Question 1

Active site

Answer 1

Region of enzyme where substrate binds

Question 2

DNA base

Answer 2

Nitrogenous base found in DNA- adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine

Question 3

Chromosome

Answer 3

Strand of DNA containing genes

Question 4

Complementary base paring

Answer 4

The pairing of the bases between two strands of DNA - A & T, G &C

Question 5

Denature

Answer 5

Shape of an enzyme is changed so that it can no longer catalyse a reaction

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Biological polymer made from nucleotide monomers. The sequence contains all the information needed to make an organism

Question 7

Enzyme

Answer 7

Biological catalyst- this means it speeds up reactions without being used up

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

Section of DNA which codes for a characteristic

Question 9

Lock and key Hypothesis

Answer 9

Model that explains the specificity of enzymes

Question 10

mRNA

Answer 10

Copy of DNA strand used to carry the genetic code out of the nucleus so that proteins can be synthesised

Question 11

Nucleotides

Answer 11

Monomer (unit) found in DNA, consisting of an organic base, ribose sugar and a phosphate group

Question 12

Polymer

Answer 12

Substance made up of many monomers (similar subunits) bonded together

Question 13

Substrate

Answer 13

Molecules that an enzyme acts upon

Question 14

Transcription

Answer 14

Process by which mRNA is formed

Question 15

Translation

Answer 15

Process by which proteins are synthesised