B1.1.1 - Diet and exercise Flashcards
What are the 6 Essential nutrients for a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water. (also fibre).
How does a carbohydrate function?
Provides energy (e.g. glucose).
How do fats function?
They provide energy, act as an energy store and provide insulation.
How do proteins function?
They are needed for growth and repair of tissue, and to provide energy in emergencies.
How do vitamins function?
Various functions (e.g. vitamin C is needed to prevent scurvy).
How do minerals function?
Various functions (e.g. iron is needed to make haemoglobin for healthy blood).
What is the function of water in the body?
We need a constant supply to replace water lost through urinating, breathing and sweating.
What does fibre do?
It keeps the gut in good working order.
What are fats made up of?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
What are proteins made up of?
Amino acids.
What are carbohydrates made up of?
Simple sugars like glucose
What is the equation for BMI?
Body mass
________
(Height)^2
What does BMI indicate?
If you’re under or over weight.
What is the recommended daily allowance of protein?
RDA (g) = 0.75 x Body mass (Kg)
What is cholesterol?
It is a fatty substance that’s essential for good health. It is found in every cell in the body.
