B1: Understanding Ourselves

Question 1

A person has a blood pressure measurement of 130/85 mmHg. Explain what these figures mean.

Answer 1

1. The first number shows the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts (systolic pressure)
2. The second number shows the pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes (diastolic pressure)

Question 2

What is physical fitness?

Answer 2

The ability to do physical activity

Question 3

Name three ways in which you could measure your fitness level.

Answer 3

• Stamina (endurance)
• Strength
• Flexibility
• Agility (being able to move quickly and nimbly)
• Speed
• Cardiovascular efficiency

Question 4

What is good health?

Answer 4

Good health is being free from disease.

Question 5

Define disease.

Answer 5

A disease is a condition caused by any part of the body not being able to function properly.

Question 6

How can you increase your risk of developing heart disease?

Answer 6

• Have high blood pressure
• Eat too much saturated fat
• Smoke
• Eat too much salt

Question 7

Name three things that could increase your resting blood pressure.

Answer 7

• Smoking
• Eating too much salt
• Being overweight
• Stress
• Drinking too much alcohol regularly
• Eating a lot of saturated fat

Question 8

How can you lower your resting blood pressure?

Answer 8

Regular exercise and eating a balanced diet help lower your resting blood pressure to normal.

Question 9

What is likely to happen if you have a high resting blood pressure? (above 140/90mmHg)

Answer 9

• Have a heart attack
• Have a stroke (or a blood vessel in the brain may burst)
• suffer from kidney damage

Question 10

What is a stroke?

Answer 10

A stroke is a sudden disabling attack or loss of consciousness caused by interruption of the blood flow to the brain, especially through thrombosis.

Question 11

How does smoking increase your blood pressure?

Answer 11

1. Tobacco smoke contains carbon monoxide and nicotine.
2. Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin in red blood cells and decreases its oxygen carrying capacity.
3. The heart beats faster to compensate which puts a strain on the heart.
4. Nicotine increases the heart rate

Question 12

How may saturated fat increase the blood pressure?

Answer 12

1. Your liver makes cholesterol from saturated fat (fat in milk, butter, eggs, cheese, red meat and cream)
2. Cholesterol is carried in the blood and may be deposited in artery walls
3. These narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow. The blood pressure increases to force blood through the narrower gap.

Question 13

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 13

A balanced diet contains the right amount of the different foods and right amount of energy to keep you healthy. It also includes nutrients that do not provide energy: minerals and vitamins, water and fibre.

Question 14

How is blood transported to all parts of the body at the correct pressure?

Answer 14

Each time the heart beats, it’s muscles contract. This pushes the blood out into the arteries at the correct pressure so it reaches all parts of the body.

Question 15

Why do you need to consume vitamins, minerals, fibres, water, proteins, fat, and carbs?

Answer 15

Bodajbjodaadnjo

Question 16

Why do you need to consume vitamins, minerals, fibres, water, proteins, fat, and carbs?

Answer 16

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