B1 Topic 3 Flashcards
What is a drug?
Drugs are substances that change chemical reactions in the body.
What type of drug is caffeine?
Stimulant.
What is a long term affect of alcohol use?
Liver damage.
How does carbon monoxide damage the body?
Reduces the body’s ability to carry oxygen.
What is a carcinogen?
A chemical that can cause cancer.
What is a pathogen?
A disease-causing micro-organism.
Which type of micro-organisms are most pathogens?
Pathogens are mostly bacteria. Only a few fungi are pathogens.
One of the main problems with viruses is that:
They damage the host cell when they reproduce.
Which of these is one of the main problems with bacteria?
They produce toxins or ‘pathogens’.
Is polio a virus?
Yes, they are.
What is a lysozome?
An enzyme that kills bacteria.
What is one way that antibiotics work?
Some types of antibiotic work by stopping bacteria reproducing.
What is an example of vertical transmission?
A disease passing from a mother to her unborn child is vertical transmission.
How is TB transmitted?
Droplets in the air.
Which of the following is not an indicator of air pollution:
- Blackspot fungus on roses
- The presence of lichens
- The presence of bloodworm
The presence of bloodworm is not an indicator of air pollution. It’s an indicator of water pollution.
Which of the following is a positive impact of humans on the environment?
- Raw materials being used up
- Recycling increasing
- More waste being produced
Recycling increasing.
What effect does sulfur dioxide have on the environment?
Sulfur dioxide contributes to acid rain.
Which type of lichens can survive in quite polluted air?
Crusty.
What causes eutrophication?
Acid Rain.
Why do we need to recycle metals?
As yet, we have not run out of any metals and recycling metals uses less energy and so it is cheaper.
Why are alloys difficult to recycle?
Alloys are mixtures of metals which can make them difficult to recycle.
Which process adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Respiration adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Which of the following is not a method of converting nitrogen to nitrates?
Lightning causes nitrogen to be converted to nitrates.
