B1 Topic 2

Question 1

What is homoeostasis?

Answer 1

It is important that the body’s internal environment is controlled

Question 2

What are the Blood Sugar levels

Answer 2

This is controlled to provide cells with a constant supply of energy.

Question 3

How are the blood sugar levels controlled?

Answer 3

The blood sugar level is controlled by the release and storage of glucose, controlled by a hormone called insulin.

Question 4

How is body temperature controlled?

Answer 4

This is controlled to maintain the temperature at which enzymes work best, which is 37°C. Body temperature is controlled by:

Question 5

Body temperature is controlled by:

Answer 5

• -> controlling blood flow to the skin
• -> sweating
• -> shivering

Question 6

What is Osmoregulation?

Answer 6

The body’s water content is controlled to protect cells by stopping too much water from entering or leaving them.

Question 7

Water content is controlled by water loss from:

Answer 7

• -> the lungs when we exhale
• -> the skin by sweating
• -> the body, in urine produced by the kidneys

Question 8

Ion content is controlled by loss of ions from:

Answer 8

• -> the skin by sweating

- -> the body, in urine produced by the kidneys

Question 9

What do the human enzymes work best at ?

Answer 9

Human enzymes usually work best at 37ºC

Question 10

Thermoregulation.What happens when your body is too hot:

Answer 10

• -> sweat glands in the skin release more sweat
• -> Vasodilation occurs. Blood vessels leading to the skin capillaries become wider (dilate) allowing more blood to flow through the skin, and more heat to be lost.

Question 11

Thermoregulation.What happens when your body is too cold:

Answer 11

• -> muscles contract rapidly and we shiver when we’re cold.
• -> vasoconstriction occurs - blood vessels leading to the skin capillaries become narrower (constrict) letting less blood flow through the skin and conserving heat in the body.

Question 12

What happens to the hairs on the skin when you are too hot or cold?

Answer 12

The hairs on the skin also help to control body temperature. They lie flat when we are warm, and rise when we are cold.

Question 13

What is Diabetes?

Answer 13

Diabetes is a disorder in which the blood glucose levels remain too high.

Question 14

What is Type 1 Diabetes?

Answer 14

A) by a lack of insulin. B) person becoming resistant to insulin

Question 15

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Answer 15

A) by a lack of insulin. B) person becoming resistant to insulin