b1 topic 2 Flashcards
what are the five kingdom
animalia , plantae , fungi , protoctista , prokaryotae
what are 2 main characteristics of prokaryotae
unicellular , simple cell structure with no nucleus
explain why the duck-billed platypus is a chordate
chordata have a supporting rod that runs the length of their body
what is a vertebsrate.
vertebrates are animals that have a backbone
what is a invertebsrate.
animals that do not have a backbone
what temperature dose the body work best at.
37`c
what is a Stimulant
a stimulant Increases nerve and brain activity
what dose a Performance enhancer do
Improves muscle development
Living things can then be ranked according to?
phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
what is a Mammal
Mammals have lungs and fur. Like birds, they can maintain their body temperature. Mammals reproduce by internal fertilisation and they give birth to live young they are viviparous
Energy is needed for the life processes such as
growth ,cell division, muscle contraction, proteinsynthesis ,active transport,nerve impulses
Good sources of calcium include
cheese eggs milk green leafy vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage
Good sources of iron include
liver red meat beans and nuts dried fruits such as dried apricots
Sources of water include
food, drinks, metabolic processes - such as aerobic respiration
Sources of fibre include
fruit , vegetables , cereals
A leaf needs
a way to transport water to the leaf, and glucose to other parts of the plant , a way to exchange carbon dioxide , oxygen the ability to absorb light energy efficiently
Hydrogen carbonate indicator is used to show carbon dioxide concentration in solution.
yellow in high concentrations of carbon dioxide
red in equilibrium with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
purple in low concentrations of carbon dioxide
Fossils are found in rocks and can be formed from:
Hard body parts, such as bones and shells, which do not decay easily or are replaced by other materials as they decay.
Parts of organisms that have not decayed. For example, dead animals and plants can be preserved in amber, peat bogs, tar pits, or in ice.
Casts or impressions, such as footprints or burrows. These become covered by layers of sediment, which eventually become rock.
Several factors can cause a species to become extinct. They include
new diseases
new predators
new, more successful competitors
changes to the environment over geological time, such as climate change
a single catastrophic event, such as a massive volcanic eruption or a collision between an asteroid and the Earth
New species can arise as a result of
genetic variation - where each population has a wide range of alleles that control their characteristics
natural selection - where the alleles which help an organism to survive are selected in each population
speciation - where the populations become so different that successful interbreeding cannot happen anymore
