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Question 1

What is the advantage of using a binomial system to name species?

Answer 1

The binomial system lets scientists accurately identify species. No two species have the same name, and same name is used throughout the world.

Question 2

The scientific name for human beings is Homo sapiens. What does the word Homo represent?

Answer 2

Homo is the genus to which human beings belong. The first word in a binomial name is the genus (family is the rank above genus).

Question 3

What do amphibians, bony fish and birds have in common?

Answer 3

Amphibians, bony fish and birds are vertebrates because they all have backbones Reptiles and mammals are also vertebrates.

Question 4

What do insects, nematodes and molluscs have in common?

Answer 4

Insects, nematodes and molluscs are invertebrates as they don’t have backbones. Insects have a hard external skeleton. Nematodes and molluscs have soft bodies, although molluscs may have a protective shell.

Question 5

What do reptiles, birds and mammals have in common?

Answer 5

Reptiles, birds and mammals have lungs. They reproduce by internal fertilisation rather than external fertilisation.

Question 6

What is an arthropod with six pairs of legs likely to be?

Answer 6

An arthropod with six pairs of legs (12 legs altogether) will be a crustacean. Insects have six legs (three pairs of legs).

Question 7

The leaves on a certain plant has parallel veins. Which statement about this plant is correct?

Answer 7

A plant with parallel veins in its leaves will be a monocotyledon. Eudicotyledons are also called dicotyledons and they have branching veins in their leaves.

Question 8

What is a species?

Answer 8

Organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring belong to a particular species. A species does not have to be an animal. It could be a plant, for example.

Question 9

In the classification of organisms, which is the correct order of ranks?

Answer 9

Kingdom → phylum → class→ order → family → genus → species is the correct order.

Question 10

Which part is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Answer 10

Plant cells contain chloroplasts but animal cells do not. Both types of cell contain a nucleus, which contains the genetic information for the cell.

Question 11

In fungi, what is the cell wall made from?

Answer 11

Fungi have cell walls made of chitin.

Question 12

What group does Mucor belong to?

Answer 12

Mucor is a type of fungus. Protoctists include single-celled organisms such as Amoeba, Chlorella and Plasmodium.

Question 13

Which organism is used in the production of yoghurt from milk?

Answer 13

Lactobacillus bulgaricus is a bacterium used in the production of yoghurt. Streptococcus pneumoniae or Pneumococcus is a spherical bacterium that causes pneumonia.

Question 14

What is a plasmid?

Answer 14

Plasmids are circles of bacterial DNA. These are in addition to the chromosomal DNA found in bacteria, which do not have nuclei.

Question 15

Which statement about protoctists is correct?

Answer 15

Amoeba lives in pond water and has features like an animal cell. Chlorella has features like a plant cell, including chloroplasts.

Question 16

What problem does tobacco mosaic virus cause?

Answer 16

tobacco mosaic virus causes discolouring of tobacco leaves. It does this by preventing the formation of chloroplasts in the leav

Question 17

What is the type of feeding, involving extracellular enzymes, used by fungi called?

Answer 17

Fungi use saprophytic nutrition. They secrete extracellular digestive enzymes onto their food and absorb the products. This is how they decay material such as dead plants.

Question 18

What do animals, fungi and viruses have in common?

Answer 18

Animals, fungi and viruses cannot carry out photosynthesis. They do not contain chloroplasts

Question 19

What is a tissue?

Answer 19

A tissue is a group of cells with similar structures working together to carry out a particular function. Organelles are tiny structures inside individual cells, such as chloroplasts in plant cells.

Question 20

In plants, what are shoots and roots examples of?

Answer 20

Shoots and roots are the two organ systems in plants. The shoot system consists of organs such as leaves and stems, and the root system consists of organs such as roots and tubers.