B1 M2 Physics Flashcards by Richard Fry

What are the smallest particles of matter

Atoms

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Can atoms be created or destroyed during chemical reactions

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What is the centre of an atom called

The nucleus

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What 2 substances make up the nucleus

Protons and Neutrons

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What would indicate the mass of an atom

Number of protons and neutrons

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What is the simplest atom

Hydrogen

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What is a molecule

A combination of two or more atoms

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What is a compound

A combination of atoms from two or more different elements

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What charge do protons have

Positive

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What charge do neutrons have

They are neither positive or negative

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What is the smallest sub atomic particle in an atom

Electrons

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What is an element

Consists of only one kind of atom

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What is chemical synthesis

The name given to the purposeful execution of chemical reactions to obtain a compound

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The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called

Reactants or Reagents

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What is sometimes added to a chemical reaction to increase the rate of reaction

A catalyst

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What is used to decrease rate of chemical reactions

Inhibitors

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What is an atomic number traditionally represented by

The letter Z

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What is an isotope

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

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What are the rules around electron shells

The shells are lettered from inner most (K) to outer most (Q)

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How many electrons are in shells K,L,M,N

K= 2
L= 8
M= 18
N= 32

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What us Pauli’s exclusion principle

2nsquared (n=1,n=2,n=3)

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What is an Ionised atom

When an atom looses or gains an electron

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What is a Cation

A positively charged ion

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What is a Anion

A negatively charged ion

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What is covalent bonding

Where electrons are shared to form molecules

What are Allotropes

Is the property of some chemicals being able to exist in two or more different forms

What is plasma

Typically an ionised gas

What is Kinetic particle theory

Explains the properties of different states of matter. Solid liquid and gasses are arranged differently and move in a different way

What are the properties of acids

- Liquids - Solutions of compounds in water - Tasta sour - Turn blue litmus paper red - Usually react with metals to form salts - Have a PH less than 7

What are the properties of Alkalis

- Feel soapy to touch - They can burn the skin - Turn red litmus paper blue - Taste bitter -

What is the SI unit of mass

What is a vector quantity

Vectors has both size and direction

What is newtons second law

F=MA

What is the lever arm/moment equasion

Moment=FD

What is the equation for torque

Torque=Force x Distance

What is the CofG equation

CG = Total Oment/Total mass

What is a Scalar Quantity

Wheras a vector quantity is defined by its magnitude and direction a scalar quantity is described by its magnitude alone

Give examples of vector quantities

Displacement, Velocity, acceleration and force

A structure can be divided into 3 individual elements when loaded. What are they

Beams, Struts and ties

A member subject to bending is known as

A beam

A member subject to compression is known as

A Strut

A member subject to tension is known as a

Tie

What are the two basic structural stresses that an aircraft is subjected to

- Tension | - Compression

What is the definition of Tension

Is a primary stress trying to pull a body apart

What is the definition of compression

Is a primary stress trying to squeeze a part together

What is the definition of shear

Shear forces try to slide a body apart i.e a rivet in an aircraft skin

What is the definition of torsion

A twisting force

What is the equation for stress

Stress = Force/Area

What is the equation for strain

Strain = Deformation of member/orginal length

What is the purpose of a strut

A strut is designed to resist longitudinal compression

What is tensile strength

Ability of a material to resist breaking under force (stretching)

Evaporation

Liquid to gas

Condensation

Gas to liquid

Melting

Solid to liquid

What is Sublimation

Solids becoming gasses with out becoming liquids first

What is Deposition

When a Gas becomes a Solid with out becoming liquid first

What is an Isobar

Places of equal atmospheric pressure

What is a Barometer used for

To measure atmospheric pressure

What is used to measure humidity

A hygrometer

What is Pascals law

Pressure in a fluid acts equally in all directions

What is Archimedes principle

A body submerged in a liquid displaces a volume of water equal to its own volume

Forces passing through a common point are said to be

Concurrent

The CofG of a triangular plate is at the intersection of

Medians from a vertex to the opposite side

The CofG of a triangle is

1/3 of the median of the base

The acceleration of a body which moves with a simple harmonic motion (SHM) is

Always directed towards a fixed point in its path

The number of radians in a semicircle is

n (Pie)

What is the best absober of thermal radiation

A dull black surface

Worn barings in a gyroscope will cause

Real drift

Procession in a gyro is

Proportional to the magnitude of torque applied

What units does specific gravity have

Specific gravity has no units

Gauge pressure is

absoloute pressure - atmospheric pressure

What equation is used to convert farrenheight to celcius

C=5/9 x (f-32)

A change of 1 degrees celcius is a change of what in farrenheight

1.8 degrees

An ideal material to be used for a heat exchanger will have a

High specific heat capacity and high conduction

Heat is measured in

Joules

Lasers which use source of light?

Coherant

The velocity of sound in air is affected by

Air temperature