B1 Homework Flashcards - 01/10/24

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is a solute?

A

A solid, that can dissolve into a liquid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A liquid, that a solute can dissolve into.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What factors can affect the rate of diffusion?

A

The temperature, surface area and concentration gradient etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the NET movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, DOWN a concentration gradient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is diffusion necessary for cells in the human body?

A

Particles may be needed elsewhere in the body at certain points. They may also be unrequired and to be disposed of; this allows particles to quickly move across cell membranes to where necessary.
Diffusion is also the process by which gas exchange takes place in the body, being a vital process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of substances that move into cells?

A

Glucose (sugars), oxygen - for respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some examples of substances that move out of cells?

A

CO2 (gases), urea etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Osmosis is the net movement of a solvent from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution, across a partially - permeable membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a hypotonic solution?

A

A solution in which the concentration of solute is lower outside the cell, relative to the concentration inside.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an isotonic solution?

A

A solution in which the concentration of solute outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solute inside the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

A solution in which the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell, relative to the concentration of solute inside.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The process by which animal cells take in water from dilute solutions and burst

A

Lysis - cells become lysed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The process by which animal cells lose water to a more concentrated solution and shrivel

A

Crenation - cells become crenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When the solution surrounding a plant cell is more dilute, the cell…

A

Takes in water, causing the vacuole to swell.
This causes high ‘turgor pressure’ and cells are turgid.
The plant will be rigid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When the solution surrounding a plant cell is more concentrated, the cell…

A

The plant will lose water, causing the vacuole to shrivel.
This causes low ‘turgor pressure’ and cells are flaccid.
The plant will wilt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Plasmolysis?

A

The process by which a plant cell loses too much water, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall.

17
Q

What is active transport?

A

Active transport is the movement of particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration across a partially - permeable membrane, against the concentration gradient. The particles are transported by the help of carrier proteins.