B1 Grammar [Part 2] Flashcards
后来 (hòulái)
“afterwards/later”
后来 can only be used with two events that have already occurred
他 说 他 会 来 ,后来 又 说 不 来 了 。
Tā shuō tā huì lái, hòulái yòu shuō bù lái le.
He say he will come, afterwards/later also say not come (PAST).
[He said he would come, but later he said that he’s not coming.]
什么的 (shénme de)
“and so on”
You can end a non-exhaustive list with shenmede.
我 奶奶 不 吃 肉 ,只 吃 蔬菜 、豆腐 什么的 。
Wǒ nǎinai bù chī ròu, zhǐ chī shūcài, dòufu shénme de.
My grandma not eat meat, only eat vegetables, tofu and so on.
之类的 (zhī lèi de)
“and so on/and (stuff) like that”
(像) ⋯⋯ 之类的 + [Category]
你 喜欢《星球大战》之类的 电影 吗 ?
Nǐ xǐhuan “Xīngqiú Dà Zhàn” zhī lèi de diànyǐng ma?
You like Star Wars and stuff like that films?
要不 (yàobù)
“how about…”
大家 都 有点 累 了,要不 休息 一会儿 吧 。
Dàjiā dōu yǒudiǎn lèi le, yàobù xiūxi yīhuìr ba.
Everyone all a little tired, how about rest a bit?
When 要不 (yàobù) is used to mean “otherwise,” it’s a shortened form of 要不然 (yàobùrán), which literally means “if that’s not the case.”
你 先 吃 吧 ,要 不然 饭 就 凉 了 。
Nǐ xiān chī ba, yàobùrán fàn jiù liáng le
You first eat, otherwise eat just cold.
另外 (lìngwài)
used to express “in addition” or “besides,” and is often followed by 还 (hái) or 也 (yě).
As a conjunction, 另外 can link two sentences.
这个 课文 太 难 了 ,我 不 想 学 。另外 ,我 也 没 准备 。
Zhège kèwén tài nán le, wǒ bù xiǎng xué. Lìngwài, wǒ yě méi zhǔnbèi.
This lesson too difficult, wo not want study. Besides, I also not prepared.
还有 (háiyǒu)
“in addition/and also”
can also be used as a conjunction
你 需要 吃 药 。还有 ,要 多 休息 。
Nǐ xūyào chī yào. Háiyǒu, yào duō xiūxi.
You need eat medicine. Also, must much rest.
再说 (zàishuō)
In addition/furthermore…
来 (lái)
The word 来 (lái) can be used to connect two verb phrases, relating the actions to each other. It can be translated as “in order to” or “so that,” and it can help in explaining reasoning.
Connecting two verb phrases is very straightforward. All you need to do is place 来 in between them. This has the meaning of doing the first verb to achieve the second verb and is often used with words expressing a way or a method, e.g. 通过 (tōngguò) or 用 (yòng).
通过 / 用 + Method + 来 + [Verb Phrase]
用 这 种 方法 来 赚钱 ,真 丢人 。
Yòng zhè zhǒng fāngfǎ lái zhuànqián, zhēn diūrén.
Use this type method IN ORDER TO make money, truly shameful.
关于 (guānyú)
“about/as for”
As an adverb/adverbial clause, it can only be placed at the beginning of the sentence.
关于 中国 历史,我 知道 的 不 多。
Guānyú Zhōngguó lìshǐ, wǒ zhīdào de bù duō.
As for Chinese history, I know not much.
As an attributive modifier, 关于 (guānyú) is placed before the noun phrase (rather than after, as in English), and you should always add a 的.
他 写 过 很 多 关于 男女 平等 的 文章 。
Tā xiě guo hěn duō guānyú nánnǚ píngděng de wénzhāng.
He wrote many about gender equality articles.
直到 (zhídào)
“until”
But it takes the meaning of “by” or “not until”.
直到 十二 点 半 ,我 才 做 完 作业 。
Zhídào shí’èr diǎn bàn, wǒ cái zuò wán zuòyè.
until 12:30 am, I finished my homework.
给 (gěi)
“for/give”
给 + Recipient + [Verb Phrase]
给 客人 倒茶 。
Gěi kèrén dàochá.
For guests pour tea.
The meaning of 给 is very similar to 为 (wèi) in Chinese, but 给 is more informal than 为
为 (wèi)
“for”
为 + Party + Verb / Adj.
我们 都 为 你 高兴 。
Wǒmen dōu wèi nǐ gāoxìng.
We all for you (are) happy.
谁 为 我 考虑 过 ?
Shéi wèi wǒ kǎolǜ guo?
Who for me before did consider?/Who considered me before?/Who ever considered me?
为了 (wèile)
“in order to/for the purpose of/for”
Comes BEFORE what it is for.
为了 钱 ,他 什么 都 愿意 做 。
Wèile qián, tā shénme dōu yuànyì zuò.
For money, he anything all willing to do./He is willing to do anything for money.
是因为
“(is) because of…”
是 为了
“in order to/for/is because of”
我 这么 做 是 为了 帮 你 。
Wǒ zhème zuò shì wèile bāng nǐ.
I in this way do IN ORDER TO help you./I did this to help you.