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Triple Science > B1 Cells And Organisation > Flashcards

B1 Cells And Organisation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two main types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

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2
Q

What defines eukaryotic cells?

A

They have a nucleus storing genetic material

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3
Q

Examples of Eukaryotic cells

A

Animal and plant cells

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4
Q

What defines prokaryotic cells?

A

No nucleus, smaller and simpler structure

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5
Q

Examples of prokaryotic cells?

A

Bacteria cells

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6
Q

What is the function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?

A

Is where the DNA is kept and controls cell activities

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7
Q

Role of cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells?

A

Where chemical reactions happen

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8
Q

Function of cell membrane?

A

Controls what enters and exits

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9
Q

Purpose of mitochondria?

A

Site of aerobic respiration, releasing energy

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10
Q

Where are proteins made?

A

Ribosomes

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11
Q

Whats unique about a plant cell?

A

Cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts

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12
Q

Composition and function of plant cell wall?

A

Made of celluose, provides support and structure

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13
Q

Function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

A

Site of photosynthesis

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14
Q

Function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

A

Site of photosynthesis

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15
Q

Difference between plant and animal cells?

A

Animal cells do not have cell walls or chloroplasts

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16
Q

What is unique about DNA in prokaryotic cells

A

Singular circular DNA strand no nucleus

17
Q

What are plasmids?

A

Small rings of additional dna in bacteria

18
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of particles from a high to low concentration

19
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of particles from low to high concentration using energy

20
Q

Does diffusion require energy?

A

No it is a PASSIVE process

21
Q

Does active transport require energy?

A

Yes

22
Q

Give an example of diffusion in cells

A

Oxygen diffuses into cells and carbon dioxide diffuses out

23
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from low to high solute concentration

24
Q

Why is osmosis important to cells?

A

It helps maintain a balance of water and cell hydration

25
Q

What happens to a cell in a HYPOtonic solution?

A

Water enters the cell causing it to swell

26
Q

What happens to a cell in a HYPERtonic solution?

A

Water leaves the cell causing it to shrink

27
Q

Why is active transport important for cells?

A

It allows cells to absorb nutrients and remove waste efficiently

28
Q

What is a semi permeable membrane?

A

A barrier that allows certsin substances to go through while blocking others

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