B1 - Cells

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

• Provides structual integrity
• Regulates quantity and type of molecules to let through
• Participates in sendind and receiving ‘signal’ molecules

Question 2

Ribosomes

Answer 2

Produce proteins which are used for almost all cellular functions

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

For aerobic respiration. Were chemical reaction takes place that requires oxygen and creates energy for the body

Question 4

Cytolasm

Answer 4

Gel-like substance inside the cell, many chemicals necessary for the cell to function

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

Contains the genetic material (including DNA) whcih controls the cell’s activities

Question 6

Cell wall

Answer 6

Provide structure and protection. Also preseng in sime bacteria cells, however the plant cell’s walls are made of cellulose whereas the bacteria cell’s wall doesn’t

Question 7

Chloroplast

Answer 7

Organelle which contains chlorophylland absorbs light for photosynthesis. Also contains enzymes for photosynthesis

Question 8

Permanent vacuole

Answer 8

Filled with cell sap to keep cell swollen

Question 9

Photosynthesis

Answer 9

The process that allows a plant to receive energy from the sun

Question 10

Algae

Answer 10

Photosynthesise and have many plant cell features, however they are classified as protista.

Question 11

Magnification

Answer 11

The number of times bigger an image is

Question 12

Resolution

Answer 12

The ability to to distinguish between two different points. The power and detail that can be shown.

Question 13

Eyepiece lens

Answer 13

The lens that is there no matter what, is seperare from the objective lens and has a magnification of 10

Question 14

Coarse focus adjustment

Answer 14

Adjusts the view if the item inspected generally.

Question 15

Fine focus adjustement

Answer 15

Adjusts the view of the item more finely, to be precise. This is only to be used AFTER adjusting the coarse focus wheel

Question 16

Clip

Answer 16

Cliphelps to keep the slide still and in place so that it doesn’t move out of view

Question 17

Objective lens

Answer 17

The lens that can be swapped through different magnifications.

Question 18

Stage

Answer 18

Where the slide is placed so that you can see the object

Question 19

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 19

Animal and Plant cells are Eukaryotic. They have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.

Question 20

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 20

Bacteria are Prokaryotes. They are single celled organisms and are between 0.2-2.0 micrometers in size. They are between 1-2 times smaller than Eukaryotes. They have a cytoplasm and cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall, but the cell wall isn’t made of cellulose like a plant cell. The genetic material in these cells is not enclosed, it is free in the cytoplasm

Question 21

Mirror/Light Source

Answer 21

A light source is used to illuminate the object that you are viewing

Question 22

Diffusion

Answer 22

The net movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration

Question 23

What causes Diffusion to occur

Answer 23

The random movement of particles

Question 24

How does diffusion occur?

Answer 24

It is a passive process meaning no energy is needed

Question 25

Concentration Gradient

Answer 25

A difference in concentration of a particle between two areas. A higher gradient means that the diffusion will take place quicker

Question 26

What are the three main factors that affect diffusion?

Answer 26

• Concentration Gradient
• Temperature
• Surface Area

Question 27

What is a Surface Area to Volume Ratio used for?

Answer 27

A higher surface area causes diffusion to occur faster. Objects with a large surface area but with little volume will diffuse best