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Biology > B1 - Cell Structure and Transport > Flashcards

B1 - Cell Structure and Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

What are two types of eukaryotic cell?

A

Animal and Plant cells

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2
Q

What type of cell are bacteria?

A

Prokaryotes

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3
Q

Where is DNA found in animal and plant cells?

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

The cell membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell.

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5
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

It is the place where aerobic respiration occurs

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6
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

The site of photosynthesis

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7
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs.

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8
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

Provide structure and protection (only in plants.

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9
Q

What is the structure of the main genetic material in
a prokaryotic cell?

A

Single DNA loop

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10
Q

How are electron microscopes different to light
microscopes?

A

Electron microscopes provide a more magnified image than a light microscope. Electron microscopes use beams of electrons to make a magnified image

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10
Q

What is the function of a red blood cell?

A

They carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it throughout our body

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11
Q

Give three adaptations of a red blood cell.

A

They have no nucleus
They are small and flexible
They have a biconcave shape

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12
Q

What is the function of a nerve cell?

A

carry an electrical message or impulse when stimulated

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13
Q

Give two adaptations of a nerve cell.

A

They have branched connections at each end
Nerve cells are thin and long

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14
Q

What is the function of a sperm cell?

A

The sperm cell’s function is to fertilise the female egg

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15
Q

Give two adaptations of a sperm cell.

A

A tail to move them towards an egg cell
Many mitochondria to provide energy

16
Q

What is the function of a palisade cell?

A

They maximise photosynthesis

17
Q

Give two adaptations of a palisade cell.

A

They contain a large number of chloroplasts
The palisade cells are present at the top of the plant

18
Q

Give two adaptations of a root hair cell.

A

They having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.
They have thin cell walls

19
Q

What is the function of a root hair cell?

A

They absorb water from the soil by osmosis

20
Q

What is diffusion?

A
21
Q

Name three factors that affect the rate of diffusion.

A
22
Q

How are villi adapted for exchanging substances?

A
23
Q

How are the lungs adapted for efficient
gas exchange?

A
24
Q

How are fish gills adapted for efficient
gas exchange?

A
25
Q

What is osmosis?

A
26
Q

Give one example of osmosis in a plant.

A
27
Q

What is active transport?

A
28
Q

Why is active transport needed in plant roots?

A
29
Q

What is the purpose of active transport in the small
intestine?

A

Biology (1 decks)

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