B1 - Cell Biology KO Flashcards
What is the difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells contain their DNA in the nucleus whereas prokaryotic cells contain DNA in the cytoplasm and plasmids.
What is a Nucleus?
An organelle that contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell’s activities.
What is a Cell Membrane?
Organelle which is permeable to some substances but not to others (controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell).
What is Cytoplasm?
Jelly-like material where chemical reactions happen.
What are Ribosomes?
Tiny organelles where protein synthesis occurs.
What are Mitochondria?
Organelles that contain the enzymes for respiration, and where energy is released in respiration.
What is the Cell Wall?
Organelles that strengthen and support the shape of the cell.
What are chloroplasts?
Organelles that contain chlorophyll that photosynthesize
What is the Vacuole?
Space inside the cytoplasm that contains a watery liquid called cell sap. Keeps the cell firm.
What are Microscopes?
An instrument that is useful for showing detail at things incapable from the naked eye.
What is the difference between Magnification and Resolution?
Magnification is a measure of the size of an image compared to the size of the objects whereas resolution is the ability to distinguish between 2 points.
What is Cell Differentiation?
When cells specialize.
What are the Chromosomes?
The structures found within a nucleus are made of DNA. 23 pairs are found in most humans.
What are Genes?
A section of DNA that codes for a particular protein.
What is Mitosis?
A type of asexual cell division where an identical copy of a cell is made.