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AQA GCSE Biology > B1: Cell Biology > Flashcards

B1: Cell Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Contains genetic materia which controls the activities of the cell.

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2
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm?

A

Most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes.

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3
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

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4
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Most energy is released by respiration here

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5
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

Protein synthesis happens here

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6
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

Strengthens and supports the cell

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7
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

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8
Q

What is the function of the permanent vacuole?

A

Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid

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9
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

Cells that do not have a nucleus. DNA is free in the cytoplasm

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10
Q

Give one example of a prokaryotic cell.

A

Bacteria

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11
Q

What are plasmids?

A

A small ring of DNA found in bacterial cells.

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12
Q

What is the formula for magnification?

A

Magnification = Image Size ÷ Actual Size

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13
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is a passive process involving movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration along a concentration gradient.

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14
Q

Name three ways to increase the speed of diffusion.

A
  • The distance is decreased
  • The surface area is increased
  • The concentration difference (concentration gradient) is increased
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15
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane.

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16
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of substances against a concentration gradient. It requires energy.

17
Q

Give one example of active transport in plants.

A

Root hair cells (Absorb mineral ions from the soil)

18
Q

Give one example of active transport in animals.

A

Moving glucose from the gut to the bloodstream.

AQA GCSE Biology (1 decks)

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