B1 - Cell Biology Flashcards
What are cells?
Cells are the building blocks of every organism on the planet.
What are eukaryotic cells? Give two examples.
Eukaryotic cells are complex. All animal and plant cells are eukaryotic.
What are prokaryotic cells? Give one example.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler. Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.
What are the five subcellular structures in an animal cell?
The five subcellular structures in an animal cell are: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.
What is the function of the nucleus?
The nucleus controls what the cell does.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is where most of the chemical reactions happen.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
The mitochondria transfers energy that the cell needs to work.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Ribosomes are where proteins are made in the cell.
What are the three subcellular structure that a plant cell has and an animal cell does not.
A plant cell has a cell wall, permanent vacuole and chloroplast.
What is the function of a cell wall?
A cell wall supports the cell and strengthens it.
What is the function of the permanent vacuole.
The permanent vacuole contains cell sap.
What is the function of chloroplast?
The chloroplast makes food for the plant. (Photosynthesis)
What are the five subcellular structures a bacterial cell has?
A bacterial cell has a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, a single loop of DNA and plasmids.
What is the function of the single loop of DNA?
Bacterial cells do not have a ‘true’ nucleus.
