B1 Biology Flashcards
Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic don’t have membrane bound organelles
What is the purpose of a cell wall
Protects the plant cell
Provides structure to the cell
What is the purpose of the cytoplasm
Chemical reactions
What does the objective lense do
Shows magnified image
What is the difference between an electronic microscope and a light microscope (give 3)
A light microscope uses light, an electron microscope uses electrons.
A light microscope can view specimens whilst alive.
Electron microscopes require training.
What is the equation for actual size
Image size÷magnification
What is the purpose of a ribosome
Carries out protein synthesis
What is the purpose of the cell membrane
Controls what enters and exits the cell
What is the purpose of the chloroplast
Carries out photosynthesis
What is the name of the dye that makes the plant green
Chlorophyll
Give an example of a prokaryotic cell
Bacteria
What is a circular string if DNA called
Plasmid
What shape is DNA
Double helix
What is a stem cell
An undifferentiated cell
What adaptation does a red blood cell have
-Bio concave shape
-Narrow
What is a gene
A small section of DNA that codes for a specific protien
What part of the cell Carries out protein synthesis
Ribosome
Why do we need to use mRNA
The DNA is too big to move out if the nucleus
How is mRNA made
Transcription: DNA is unzipped
3 bases of the gene pairs with its complementary bases.
A triplet is formed.
What are the steps to the translation phase if protein synthesis
A tRNA with an amino acid and a complementary anti codon (triplet) is called and pairs with the triplets in the mRNA.
A chain is formed and the tRNA is removed leaving a chain of amino acids.
What is an enzyme
A biological catalyst
What is the area where a complementary substrate fits with the enzyme
Active site
What happens in gap stage 1 of mitosis
Cell grows in size
What happens in synthesis stage
Cell duplicates it’s DNA
