B1

Question 1

What is Blood pressure measured in?

Answer 1

Millimetres of Mercury (mmHg)

Question 2

What are the two measurements of blood pressure?

Answer 2

• Diastolic Pressure - The blood pressure between heart beats
• Systolic Pressure - Maximum pressure that the heart produces

Question 3

What can be a consequence of low blood pressure?

Answer 3

It can lead to dizziness and fainting as blood supply to brain is reduced & there is poor circulation to areas

• Toes
• Fingers

Question 4

What is the difference between Fitness & Health?

Answer 4

• Fitness - Being able to do physical activity
• Health - Being free from diseases caused by bacteria & viruses

Question 5

What can general fitness be measured by:

Answer 5

• Cardiovascular effieciency
• Strength
• Stamina
• Speed
• Flexibilty
• Agility

Question 6

How can smoking increase blood pressure?

Answer 6

• Carbon monoxide - causes blood to carry less oxygen, meaning heart race increases so tissues receive enough oxygen
• Nicotine - directly increases heart rate

Question 7

How can carbon monoxide affect that oxygen capacity of blood?

Answer 7

It decreases it by combing with haemoglobin, this prevents it from combining with oxygen therefore less oxygen is carried

Question 8

What is heart disease caused by?

Answer 8

Restricted blood flow to the heart muscle

Question 9

How can the risk of heart disease be increased?

Answer 9

• High levels of saturated fats - leads to the build up of cholesterol (a plaque) in coronary arteries
• High levels of salt - increases the blood pressure

Question 10

How can narrowing arteries due to plaques affect our heart?

Answer 10

• It causes a reduced flow to the heart muscles
• Plaques make blood clots or thrombosis more likely to happen, blocking the artery

Question 11

What are

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Fats

Made of?

Answer 11

• Carbohydrates - made up of simple sugars called glucose
• Protein - made up of amino acids
• Fats - made up of fatty acids & glycerol

Question 12

Where do the excess fat and carbohydrate get stored?

What about Protein can it be stored?

Answer 12

• Carbohydrate - stored in liver as glycogen or converted into fats
• Fats - stored under the skin/around organs as adipose tissue
• Protein can’t be stored in the body but it can be converted by the body into other amino acids

Question 13

How do you work out somebody’s estimated average daily requirement (EAR)

Answer 13

EAR(g) = 0.6 x body mass (kg)

Question 14

What happens when somebody has too little protein?where is it most likely to happen?

Answer 14

• It can cause a condition called Kwashiokor
• It is more common in developing countries due to overpopulation and the lack of money to improve agriculture

Question 15

What is the difference between First Class Proteins & Second Class Proteins?

Answer 15

• First Class Proteins - Proteins from meat & fish, contains all essential amino acids that the body cannot produce
• Second Class Proteins - Plant proteins, do not contain all amino acids

Question 16

How do you work out somebody’s body mass index (BMI)

Answer 16

BMI = Mass in kg

(Height in metres )²