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Biology B1 Revision Questions > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does your Circulatory System do?

A

your circulatory system carries oxygen and glucose in your blood to all of your body’s cell.

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2
Q

How is energy released, in terms of the circulatory system?

A

aerobic Respiration

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3
Q

What does your heart do?

A

It pumps blood around your body.

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4
Q

Why does your heart relax?

A

Your heart contracts to fill with blood.

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5
Q

Why does you heart contract?

A

Your heart contracts to squeeze the blood out into the arteries.

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6
Q

When the heart contracts, what happens to the blood?

A

the blood is put under pressure and sent into the arteries.

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7
Q

What does this ensure?

A

This insures that the blood reaches all parts of the body supplying cells with glucose and oxygen for respiration.

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8
Q

What is the heart beat or pulse?

A

the heart beat or pulse is a surge of blood.

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9
Q

Is blood in the arteries under pressure?

A

Yes. Always

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10
Q

What is the definition of blood pressure?

A

Blood Pressure - a measure of the force of blood per unit area as it flows through the arteries.

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11
Q

What is blood pressure measured in?

A

mm Hg ( Millimetres of mercury)

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12
Q

how many measurements is Blood pressure measured in? And give an example

A
  1. 120/80
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13
Q

What is the first number called and what does it represent?

A

Systolic - The pressure in the arteries when your heart contracts i.e when the blood pressure is at its highest.

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14
Q

what is the second number called and what does it represent?

A

Diastolic - The pressure in the arteries when your heart relaxes.

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15
Q

What is normal blood pressure, and how can it be affected?

A

120/80 mm Hg. Can be varied by age and lifestyle.

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16
Q

How can you reduce high blood pressure?

A

By doing regular aerobic exercise to strengthen the heart

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17
Q

Give 3 factors that can lead to high blood pressure?

A 
Excess weight
High stress levels 
Excess alcohol
A diet which is high in sat fat/sugar/salt
smoking
18
Q

Explain one of the factors that can lead to high blood pressure

A

Smoking - the carbon monoxide takes the place of oxygen in the haemoglobin so the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced
A diet with is high in sat fat - sat fat can lead to a build up of cholesterol in the arteries forming plaques. This plaques bulges into the lumen, restricting/blocking blood flow through the arteries, increasing the risk of a heart attack.

19
Q

Why is high blood pressure dangerous in the long term?

A

the blood vessels can weaken and eventually burst.

20
Q

Why is low blood pressure bad for you?

A

this means that the blood isn’t circulating efficiently, so some parts of the body are deprived of glucose and oxygen. this can lead to dizziness, fainting, cold hands and feet.

21
Q

Name 3 causes of heart disease

A

High blood pressure
smoking
too much salt
high-fat diets.

22
Q

What does being Healthy mean?

A

To be free from infection

23
Q

What does being Fit mean?

A

relates to how much physical activity you are capable of doing and how quickly your body recovers afterwards.

24
Q

There are different types of exercises that develop different type of fitness, These are all measurable. Give 5 of these aspects?

A 
Strength
stamina
flexibility
agility
speed
25
Q

what is Cardiovascular efficiency?

A

How well your heart copes with aerobic exercise and how quickly it recovers afterwards - is often used as a measure of general fitness.

26
Q

what is the best way to measure fitness?

A

with multiple tests testing each aspect of fitness.

27
Q

What does food supply living organisms with?

A

energy and nutrients

28
Q

What must a balanced diet contain?

A

Carbohydrates and fats

protein

29
Q

what are carbohydrates made up of?

A

simple sugars like glucose.

30
Q

What are Fats made up of?

A

fatty acids

glycerol

31
Q

What are proteins mad up of?

A

Amino acids.

32
Q

Where are carbohydrates stored? and what as?

A

in the liver as glycogen or can be converted to fats.

33
Q

Where are Fats Stored? and what as?

A

stored under the skin and around organs as adipose tissue.

34
Q

Where are proteins stored?

A

proteins are not stored.

35
Q

To keep your body healthy you need other substances in your body. Name all 4 of these substances?

A

minerals - iron to make haemoglobin in red blood cells
Vitamins - vitamin C to prevent scurvy
fibre - prevent constipation and to maintain healthy bowls
Water - prevent dehydration, and to help remove waste.

36
Q

Why might you alter your diet?

A 
belief
religious belief
medical issues
age
sex - gender
activity
37
Q

what does the amount of energy you need to depend on?

A

age, sex and activity levels

38
Q

What does BMI stand for?

A

Body Mass Index

39
Q

How can you calculate BMI?

A

BMI = Mass(KG)
————–
height (m)2

40
Q

What is the ideal weight group?

A

18.5-24.9

Biology B1 Revision Questions (1 decks)

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