B1 Flashcards
what is the structure of the cell membrane
phospholipid bilayer
what is the function of the cell membrane
controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
what is an adaptation of the cell membrane that allows it to carry out its function
selectively permeable
describe the phospholipid bilayer
hydrophillic head
hydrophobic tails
bilayer (two layers where legs in the middle and heads top and bottom)
what does the cytoplasm mainly consist of
mainly composed of water, salts and proteins
what is inside the cytoplasm
everything contained within the cell and outside the nucleus
what is the function of cytoplasm
provides a medium for cell activities and chemical reactions to take place
what is the structure of the nuclear envelope
double membrane perforated with pores
what is the structure of the nucleolus
densest part of nucleus
what is the function of the nucleolus
synthesises ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
what is the function of the nucleoplasm
medium for chemical reactions to occur
what is the structure of chromatin
mass of long thread-like structures made up of DNA and protein
what is the function of chromatin
controls cell activities like cell division
what is the function of the nucleus
- encloses genetic material in the form of DNA
- controls cell activities such as cell growth and repair of worn-out parts
- essential for cell division
what is the structure of the mitochondria
smooth outer membrane, highly folded inner membrane with infoldings (cristae)
what is the purpose of the mitochondria structure
to increase surface area
what is the function of the mitochondria
synthesises ATP from the oxidation of food substances via aerobic respiration to provide energy for cell activities
why does the mitochondria synthesise ATP
to provide energy for cell activities